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APPENDIX

For current information see:

www.lappgroup.com

1205

Appendix

Glossary

Loss factor

The loss factor depends on frequency, temperature and capacitance.

This factor is the ratio of effective power to idle power with a sinusoid

voltage.

Machine set-up for core insulation – Extrusion

The following single units have mainly conventional extrusion lines for

core and insulating covers: Overend take-off, wire straightener, wire

pre-heater, capacitance bridge, extruder, embossing or marking device,

cooling section, eccentricity measuring device, diameter scanner,

high-voltage testing device, double roller haul-off machine, accumula-

tor and double bobbin winder.

Master

Central bus subscriber that controls bus access. All other subscribers

operate as slaves (see → ASI).

Master-Slave principle

The master element issues instructions and the slave elements follow

them. With decentralised bus control, for example, an automation

device acts as the master element and issues access rights for the

other components (slave elements – see → ASI).

Material dispersion

With a non-monochromatic light source, the dispersion that results

from the dependency of a material′s refraction index n on the wave-

length and from the light velocity in that material.

Mica powder

Natural mineral product that is pulverised and used as a separating

agent and lubricant either on its own or mixed with talcum. In the form

of foils and strips, mica is also used for insulating conductors exposed

to high thermal loads.

Microbending

Bending of fibres that have local axial deviations of a few micrometers

and physical wavelengths of a few millimetres, for example. Microbend-

ing causes light losses and thus increases the → attenuation of the

fibres.

Mode

Discrete light wave forms that can propagate in a light waveguide.

Mode dispersion

The signal distortion in a light waveguide caused by overlapping modes

with different running times.

Modem

Device for adapting digitally operating data stations for analogue tele-

communications channels.

Modulation

A network signal to be transmitted is modified by a carrier signal.

Monomode fibre

Light waveguide with small → core diameter in which only one mode,

the basic mode, can be propagated. This fibre type is particularly suit-

able for broadband transmission over long distances as its → transmis-

sion bandwidth is only limited by → chromatic dispersion.

Motor cable

Motor cables are supply cables for electric motors (e.g. ÖLFLEX

SERVO FD

at Lapp).

Multimode fibre

Light waveguide whose core diameter is large compared to the light

wavelength and in which a large number of modes can therefore be

propagated. A gradient profile (→ gradient fibre) allows the → mode

dispersion to be kept low, allowing large transmission bandwidths to be

achieved, although these can be exceeded using → monomode fibres.

Mutual capacity, operating capacity

For four, pair or phantom cable circuits: the capacity between the cores

a and b of these cable circuits. With one core: the capacity between

a conductor and all remaining interconnected conductors of a cable.

Nanosecond

Billionth of a second. Time unit for the internal switching speed

of computers.

Near-end crosstalk, far end crosstalk

In multi-pair data cables, the field effect of the signal transmission for

one pair induces an interference signal in adjacent pairs. Crosstalk

does not depend on the length and is greater as the frequency

increases. The difference between the effective signal and the interfer-

ence signal measurable at the adjacent pair is referred to as crosstalk

attenuation and is specified in dB. We differentiate between: NEXT

(Near End Crosstalk) and FEXT (Far End Crosstalk).

NEC

Abbreviation for National Electrical Code. Group of standards for the

safety of electrical equipment, e.g. electrical equipment installations in

the low voltage range up to 600 V – USA.

NEMA

Abbreviation for National Electrical Manufacturers′ Association. The

NEMA works in conjunction with the IECA to produce and promote

standards for cables – Washington D.C., USA.

NEMCO

Norwegian testing body, similar to the VDE in Germany.

Neoprene

Trade name of the company DuPont de Nemours for synthetic chloro-

prene rubber.

Network

Cable network used to create connections between data stations.

Neutral conductor

Neutral conductors, where used, may not have a smaller cross-section

than the outer conductor, see VDE 0100 Part 520, Section 524.2.

NFPA

Abbreviation for National Fire Protection Association. Issuer of NFPA

standards and NEC – USA.

NFPA 79

NFPA 79 is the section of the National Electric Code (NEC

) which

includes the requirements for electrical wiring of industrial machinery.

NFPA 79 generally applies to electrical components used in individual