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APPENDIX
For current information see: 1208
Appendix
Glossary
of applications. The registers provide a colour template for designs, but
also include safety and signal colours and comply with the colour spec-
ifications in DIN standards.
Rated current
Current determined by the manufacturer, primarily at an ambient tem-
perature of 40°C, which the connector can carry on a permanent basis
and which simultaneously flows though all contacts which are con-
nected to the largest possible conductor. In the process, not exceeding
the upper limit temperature.
Rated voltage
Value of a voltage, measured according to the connector assembly and
referring to specific operating conditions.
REACH
REACH directive (EC) No, 1907/2006 on registration, evaluation,
authorisation and restriction of chemical substances With the REACH
directive, the EU created a harmonised system for the registration,
evaluation, authorisation and restriction of chemicals – referred to
as REACH for short. The purpose of the directive is to ensure a high
level of protection for human health and the environment.
Receiver sensitivity
The light output required by the receiver for low interference signal
transmission. For digital signal transmission, the average light output
(in W or dBm) required to achieve a bit error rate of 10 – 9 is normally
specified.
Receiver, optical
Assembly for converting optical signals into electrical signals. It consists
of a photodiode with a connecting fibre and plug and a low-noise ampli-
fier and electronic signal processing circuits. Where possible, the main
components of the receiver are normally combined into a compact
sub-unit known as the reception module.
Reel
To keep setup times and transport costs down, the cable industry tries
to supply large cables and long cable lengths on reels. In addition, this
saves on connecting points and the associated fittings with longer
cable lengths. The length supplied is limited by various factors, includ-
ing the tensile strength and flexibility of the cable and the mass or
cable volume. There are a large number of different reel sizes in the
cable industry.
Reel size choice
Most winding systems in the cable industry now have tables showing
the capacity and the product lengths and bending radii that can
be wound, ensuring that the correct choice of reel can be made.
Reel structure
Reels consist of a circular core, which is bounded on both sides
by flanges of larger diameter. The flange diameter is also the nominal
size of the reel. Steel sockets are fitted in the centre of the reel flanges
to hold the drive axes or barrels. These prevent damage to the reel
flanges when winding and unwinding. On one reel flange (up to 1800 mm
nominal size) there is a through hole for inserting one end of the cable;
on larger reels, an inlet spiral is fitted to hold the end of the cable. This
means that both ends of the wound length of cable are accessible and
final inspection of the cable length can be carried out. Shipping reels are
normally made of pine or spruce wood.
Reeling
This refers to the ability of cables to withstand constant winding and
unwinding over a long period of time without sustaining damage. For
mobile consumers (e. g. a crane), the cable length required for the
different working positions is carried on a reel. Constant winding and
unwinding makes high demands on the cable construction, which
means that only special cables are suitable.
Reference earth
Part of earth considered as conductive that lies outside the zone
of influence of any earthing arrangement.
Reflexion
Signal reflections occur at coupling points between components such as
plugs and cables and, in copper networks, can be attributed to differ-
ent characteristic impedances: In cases of extreme differences in
characteristic impedance, this leads to signal distortion.
Refractive index
The factor n, by which the light velocity in an optically dense medium
(e. g. glass) is smaller than in free space. More accurate term: Phase
refraction index.
Refractive index distribution, index profile
Progression of the refractive index n across the cross-sectional area of
a fibre optic cable.
Resistance
Resistance = Voltage/Current: “Obstruction” of the current flow,
expressed in Ohm. The lower the cross-section, the greater the resist-
ance. The more Ohms, the weaker the current flow. See also → Corrosion
resistance, ozone resistance, radiation-resistant cables.
Resistant
The cable has a resistance to certain substances, i. e. they do not
destroy it.
Retention of cable glands
The ability of a cable gland to limit the movement of a secured cable
under static load.
RFID
RFID stands for Radio Frequency Identification and means that data
can be transmitted with no contact or line of sight.
RJ45
An RJ45 connection is an eight-pin miniature connector system, e. g.
for patch cables. The connector is standardised to comply with the
ISO/IEC 11801 cabling standard.
RoHS
The EC directive 2011/65/EU for limiting the use of certain hazardous
substances in electrical and electronic equipment governs the use of
hazardous substances in equipment and components. Along with the
applicable implementation in national law are referred to by the abbre-
viation RoHS (Restriction of (the use of certain) hazardous substances).
Route warning tape
In excavations, the greatest damage occurs on cables already laid in
the ground. For this reason, route warning tapes are laid around 40 cm
above the laid cables, which draws the attention of excavator drivers to
the cable route when excavating.