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APPENDIX
For current information see:
www.lappgroup.com1207
Appendix
Glossary
Patch cable
Patch cable complying with EN 50173/ISO IEC 11801 is used to pro-
vide a flexible connection between ports in patch fields and the con-
nection to telecommunication sockets.
Patch field
A patch field is the switching device that is used to set up, establish
and route connections.
PE
Abbreviation for polyethylene.
Photodiode
Semiconductor diode that absorbs light and feeds the charged particles
released to an external circuit as a photoelectric current. A distinction
is made between PIN photodiodes and avalanche photodiodes.
Photovoltaic
Photovoltaics refers to the direct conversion of solar energy into elec-
trical energy using solar cells. Photovoltaics is a branch of solar tech-
nology, which includes other technical uses of solar energy.
Pigtail
Short part of a fibre optic cable on a laser diode or connector. The pigtail
is the coupling link between a component and transmission fibre and
is permanently fixed to the component.
PiMF
Abbreviation for pairs in metal foil.
Pollution level
Numerical value specifying the anticipated pollution of the micro-envi-
ronment. Pollution levels 1, 2 and 3 are used. The pollution level is used
to assign air gaps and creep distances. In industrial environments, the
pollution level is typically 3.
Polyamide
Polyamide is a polymer. Polyamide is cold resistant with impact loads,
impact resistant and abrasion resistant.
Polycarbonate
The prerequisite for resistance is that no aggressive components such
as emollients (PVC) or solvents attach the polycarbonate. The material
swells up, which can lead to stress cracks.
Polychloroprene-rubber
Synthetic rubber is resistant to solvents, has very good strength prop-
erties and is flame resistant, however very expensive (high-quality
rubber cables, Pattex glue).
Polyethylene
Polyethylene is a halogen-free plastic, but is highly flammable. By adding
additional materials, PE can be made flame retardant and smokeless.
Polyuretane
Extremely impact resistant, difficult to strip, strong reset forces.
(PUR, 11Y, Q).
Polyvinylchloride
Polyvinylchloride is a halogenated plastic. The halogens are chlorine,
bromine, fluorine, iodine and astatine. Chlorine and fluorine are used
to make plastics flame retardant and more resistant to external influ-
ences. Cables with PVC sheathing are flame retardant. Halogenated
plastics produce highly toxic gases when they burn, which form aggres-
sive acids when they mix with extinguishing water and can, in turn,
cause extremely severe corrosion damage.
Power dissipation factor
Power that is converted into heat or other energy losses.
Preform
Glass rod from which the glass fibres for light waveguides are drawn.
When drawing the glass fibres, the ratio of core glass to shell glass is
maintained.
Print wheel
This procedure is generally only a cost-effective option for average
or large batches as a new print wheel is required for every change
made to the print. Print wheels can, however, be used for geometrical
logos and inverse printing. Print wheel results are also relatively easy
to remove and wipe away.
PROFIBUS
The PROFIBUS network is based on the principle of master- slave com-
munication. A central controller – the field bus master – cyclically
reads the information from the field devices – the field bus slaves – and
writes their output values. In a PROFIBUS DP network, a high-speed
transmission rate of up to 12 Mbit/s is possible. It is based on the
European standard EN 50170.
Protective conductor
(Symbol PE) A conductor that is necessary for certain protective
measures against shock currents to create the electrical connection
to subsequent parts. The protective conductor is marked in green/
yellow (GNYE) in cables.
PTFE
Abbreviation for polytetrafluoroethylene, TEFLON
®
plastic (PTFE);
a trade name of the company Du Pont de Nemours.
PUR
Abbreviation for polyurethane; a ductile, abrasion resistant thermo-
plastic alternative to rubber, e. g. in ÖLFLEX
®
400P, ÖLFLEX
®
540P.
PVC
Abbreviation for polyvinylchloride.
PVC-powder additive
Additives are added to PVC mixtures as matting agents, lubricants,
colour pigments, wax for smooth surfaces.
Q
Quad
Stranding type in which the four individual cores are twisted into
a quad (telecommunications cables).
R
RAL
The RAL colours with four-digit numbers have been a yardstick in col-
ouring for more than 70 years. The collection of colours currently
includes more than 200 colours. The basic collection for mat shades is
the RAL 840-HR register. The collection for gloss shades is the RAL
841-GL register. The basic collections are continuously updated in line
with the requirements of industry. These collections cover a wide range