49 / 264
Table 2.
(continued)
Study
Medication
Regimen
Follow-Up
Raivio et al (1989)
20
Chlorthalidone
50 mg daily for at least 3 mo
26.5 mo
Santos et al (1993)
21
Hydrochlorothiazide with or
without triamterene HCl
Sodium restriction and initial
starting dose of 50 mg/d but
ranging 25-100 mg/d;
triamterene used in
\
15%
Vertigo symptoms: 24 mo;
hearing: 22 and 74 mo
Kanda et al (1993)
14
Isosorbide
90 mL daily for 4 wk; during
exacerbation, a 120-mL dose
was administered for short
periods; dose reduction by 30-
60 mL/d depending on degree
of improvement
24 mo
Kakigi et al (1995)
26
Isosorbide
40 mL BID, 2 wk; 30 mL BID, 2
wk; 25 mL BID, 2 wk; 15 mL
BID, 2 wk
8 wk
Nozawa et al (1995)
19
Isosorbide
120 mL daily, tapered stepwise
weekly to 60 mL until the 4th
week, then individually tapered
26.5 mo
Lassen et al (1996)
17
Nimodipine
30 mg BID
27 mo
Kitahara et al (2004)
15
Isosorbide
90 mL per day for
.
1 y
31.7 mo
Chung et al (2010)
13
Hydrochlorothiazide
Low-sodium diet (
\
1500 mg/d)
and hydrochlorothiazide (50
mg daily)
2, 4, 6, and 8 y; mean follow-up,
52.4 mo
Eryaman et al (2012)
25
Hydrochlorothiazide
Once daily for minimum 3 wk 3 wk
Abbreviations: BID, twice daily; TID, 3 times daily; QID, 4 times daily.
Table 3.
Outcomes Measures and Study Quality of the Included Studies.
Study
Outcome Measures
Hearing Result
Vertigo Result
Side Effects
Study Quality
Norell and Stahle
(1962)
18
Symptomatology, PTA In 31 with length of
disease
\
2 y, hearing
improvement noted
in 57%, while in 26
with length of
disease
.
2 y hearing
improvement
obtained in only 27%
75% of cases
‘‘diminution of or
freedom from
giddiness was noted’’
2 with nausea,
diarrhea, abdominal
pain
4
Varga et al (1966)
22
Symptomatology, PTA After 5 y, 24 of 60
hearing improved, 38
of 60 tinnitus
improved
47 of 60 vertigo ‘‘fits’’
improved
None reported
4
Klockhoff and
Lindblom (1967)
8
Symptomatology, PTA 16 of 26 tinnitus
improved but not
significant (
P
.
.1);
18 of 26 had hearing
loss improved
15 of 26 had
improvement in
vertigo; 5 of 26
patients resolved
vertigo
Fatigue
1a
Klockhoff et al
(1974)
16
Symptomatology, PTA 18 had reduction of
the hearing loss and
tinnitus
26 of 34 of an ‘‘extent
that was of definite
clinical value’’
Dry mouth, thirst,
hypokalemia, weight
loss, fatigue
4
(continued)
Crowson et al
28