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aggregated results. A majority of these studies reported
improvement in vestibular symptoms or vertigo, with less
than half reporting improvement in hearing. The mechanisms
of action for the diuretics reviewed vary (
Table 7
), but a
common theme involves regulation or modulation of ion
transport across membranes. The pathophysiology of MD is
Table 3.
(continued)
Study
Outcome Measures
Hearing Result
Vertigo Result
Side Effects
Study Quality
improvement
.
10
dB
Nozawa et al (1995)
19
1972 CHE reporting
guidelines, PTA
Hearing improved in 6
of 30 (20%),
remained unchanged
in 18 of 30 (60%),
and became worse in
6 of 30 (20%);
tinnitus disappeared
in 5 of 30 (16.7%)
and improved in 10
of 30 (33.3%);
effectiveness rate for
tinnitus was 50% (15
of 30 patients)
Definitive episodes
were successfully
controlled in 15 of
20 (75%); of 10 who
were given drug
intermittently,
definitive episodes
were successfully
controlled in 6 of 10
(60%; according to
the AAOO) and 7 of
10 (70%; according
to AAO-HNS
criteria)
Some patients
complained of
abdominal
discomfort
4
Lassen et al (1996)
17
1972 CHE reporting
guidelines, PTA
Hearing stabilized or
improved in 7 of 12
(58%)
Vertigo symptoms well
controlled in 8 of 12
(67%)
1 with gastrointestinal
upset,
4
Kitahara et al (2004)
15
Japan Society for
Equilibrium Research
for Me´nie`re’s disease,
ECoG
Hearing unchanged in
71%, hearing
worsened in 29%
29% complete control
of vertigo, 42%
improved vertigo.
50% normalization of
ECoG
None reported
4
Chung et al (2010)
13
Dizziness Handicap
Inventory, PTA
Hearing improved in
33.3% of 2-y group,
26.7% of 4-y group,
20% of 6-y group,
and 16.7% of the 8-y
group; initial hearing
preserved in 59.3%,
63.3%, 50%, and
16.7% in each group;
hearing preserved or
improved in 70%-
92% of 2, 4, and 6-y
groups, but 4
(66.7%) showed
aggravation in 8-y
group
A significant change in
Dizziness Handicap
Inventory score and
prominent changes
observed in
functional scores
None reported
4
Eryaman et al (2012)
25
EEVS, VHQ, vestibular
testing (oculomotor,
Dix-Hallpike, calorics)
Not reported
Significant decrease in
score of EEVS and
VHQ at 3 wk
compared to
baseline
None reported
3b
Abbreviations: AAO-HNS, American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery; AAOO, American Academy of Ophthalmology and
Otolaryngology; CHE, Committee on Hearing and Equilibrium; ECoG, electrocochleography; EEVS, European Evaluation of Vertigo Scale; PTA, pure tone
average; VHQ, Vertigo Handicap Questionnaire.
Crowson et al
30