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Local Fuel – Shoreham Oil Terminal
Gasoline Ship Import – Layers of Protection Analysis
P & I Design Ltd
DOCUMENT NO: LF364002_RPT
2 Reed Street, Thornaby, UK, TS17 7AF
ISSUE: E DATE: 30.07.15
Tel: + 44 (0)1642 617444
PAGE 6 OF 38
Fax: + 44 (0)1642 616447
www.pidesign.co.uk2.2
Summary of LOPA Study
The results of the study are summarised below:
Societal Risk
In this case, societal risk has been considered as there are population areas within 400m of
the terminal. (Ref. PSLG Guidelines, Appendix 2, Clauses 44-50).
In this case the anticipated number of casualties is considered to be in the order of 100.
Thus the broadly acceptable risk would be in the order of 1.2 x 10
-7
/year and the
intolerable risk would be in the order of 1.2 x 10
-5
/year. For the scenario discussed in this
LOPA of an open flammable cloud explosion causing up to 120 fatalities. The calculated
risk is 5.93 x 10
-8
/year, thus this is within the ‘Broadly Acceptable’ region.
A separate societal risk assessment based on basic scenarios of release (tank
overtopping/failing) with fire & with VCE has been produced. (See ABB Report)
Individual Risk
For the scenario of an open flammable cloud explosion or fire, the calculated risk is 5.96 x
10
-8
. For any Local Fuel employee on the normal shift pattern. The following apply:
No of hours per shift:
12
No of shifts per year:
2.8 x 52
Total hours per year:
1752
Fractional exposure:
0.2
Frequency of safety scenario 1:
5.93 x 10
-8
/year
Frequency of safety scenario 2:
3.30 x 10
-7
/year
Cumulative Frequency of safety scenarios: 3.89 x 10
-7
/year
Individual Risk from the safety scenarios 7.8 x 10
-8
/year
Thus this a small fraction of the overall individual risk to an operator and is in the
Broadly acceptable region.
Scenario Risk
Scenario 1
- Overfill of gasoline tank during import from a ship leading to a potential
open vapour cloud explosion causing up to 3 on-site fatalities and up to 5 off-site
fatalities at nearby business premises. See societal risk for more detail of possible off-
site fatalities
Risk Tolerance Criteria
=
1.0 x 10
-7
/year
Frequency of Mitigated Consequence
=
5.93 x 10
-8
/year
The risk tolerance criteria is within the Broadly Acceptable region for up to 10 fatalities
(Table 3 - Tolerable Risk Criteria). The frequency of Mitigated Consequence with a mid-
range SIL 2 SIS is well within the “Broadly Acceptable” region.