988
Index
Muscle relaxants
continued
care considerations, 392–393
contraindications and cautions, 391
drug-drug interactions, 392
pharmacokinetics, 391
therapeutic actions and indications,
390–391
nerves and movement, 386–387
brain control, 387
spinal reflexes, 386–387
neuromuscular abnormalities, 387–388
muscle spasm, 387, 388
muscle spasticity, 387–388
older adults, 386
Muscularis mucosa layer, 890
Myasthenia gravis, 487
agents for, 487, 492
Myasthenic crisis versus cholinergic
crisis, 493
Mycophenolate, 263, 264, 268–269
Mycosis, 150, 151
Mydriasis, 501, 502
Myelin sheath, 293, 294–296
Myelocytes, 229, 230
Myocardial contraction, 646
Myocardial infarction, 713, 715
Myocardial muscles, 682
Myocardium, 642, 643
Myosin, 642, 646
Myxoedema, 551, 556
N
Nadolol, 477, 676
Nafarelin, 523, 524
Naloxone, 398, 401, 402, 408
Naltrexone, 402, 408
Nandrolene, 631
Naphazoline hydrochloride, 958
Naproxen, 241, 247, 248
Naratriptan, 411, 412
Narcolepsy, 334, 335–336
Nasal medication, administering, 532,
848
Nausea, postoperative, 933–934
Nebivolol, 477, 478, 676
Nedocromil sodium, 877, 880
Negative feedback system, 512, 517
Neisseria meningitidis vaccine, 279
Nematodes, 179, 180–181
Neomycin, 95
Neoplasms, 190, 191
Neostigmine, 489, 490, 493–495
Nephron, 794, 795–797
function, 796–797
Nephrotoxicity, 36
Nerve block, 424–425
Nerve gas, 487, 491, 492, 493
Nerve plexus, 888, 890
Nerves and the nervous system, 292–301
central nervous system, 297–300
brain anatomy, 298
functions, 299–300
spinal cord anatomy, 299
stimulants, 347–348
drugs that act on, 301
movement, 386–387
brain control, 387
spinal reflexes, 386–387
nerve plexus, 888, 890
physiology, 293–297
action potential, 292, 294–295
nerve synapse, 295–297
neurons, 292, 293
neurotransmitters, 292, 295–297
synapse, 292, 295, 296
toxicity, effects, 38
Nettle, 966
Neuroendocrine system, 512, 513
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, 38, 339
Neuroleptics.
See
Antipsychotic/
neuroleptic drugs
Neuromuscular junction (NMJ), 432,
433–434
blocking agents, 432–441
adults, 435
care considerations, 439–440
children, 435
older adults, 435
depolarising junction blockers, 437–439
adverse effects, 438
care considerations, 439
contraindications and cautions, 438
drug–drug interactions, 438
pharmacokinetics, 438
therapeutic actions and indications,
437–438
non-depolarising junction blockers,
432, 434–437
adverse effects, 436–437
contraindications and cautions,
435–436
drug–drug interactions, 437
pharmacokinetics, 435
therapeutic actions and indications,
435
Neurons, 292, 293
Neurotoxicity, 38, 87
atropine-like (anticholinergic)
effects, 38
general central nervous system
effects, 38
neuroleptic malignant syndrome, 38
Parkinson-like syndrome, 38
Neurotransmitters, 292, 295–297
Neutrophils, 230
Nevirapine, 127, 135, 136
New Zealand Medicines and Medical
Devices Safety Authority
(MEDSAFE), 2, 8
drug evaluation, 6
legal regulation of drugs, 8–10
reporting medication errors, 49–50
Niacin, 733, 741, 745, 746
Nicorandil, 716, 725
Nicotinic acid, 736, 738, 745
Nicotinic receptors, 444, 451
Nifedipine, 666, 671, 716, 724
Nightshade, 471, 966
Nilotinib, 219, 220, 221
Nilutamide, 212, 215
Nitrates, 713, 714, 716, 717–720
adverse effects, 718–719
care considerations, 719–720
contraindications and cautions, 718
drug–drug interactions, 719
pharmacokinetics, 718
therapeutic actions and indications,
717–718
Nitrofurantoin, 820, 821
Nitrous oxide, 416, 420, 422
Nizatidine, 897, 900–901
Nocturia, 681, 684, 819, 824
Nomegestrol, 607, 609
Nomogram, 53, 57
Non-barbiturate anaesthetics, 416,
420–421
Non-competitive antagonists, 17
Non-depolarising neuromuscular
junction (NMJ), 432, 434
blockers, 434–437
adverse effects, 436–437
contraindications and cautions,
435–436
drug–drug interactions, 437
pharmacokinetics, 435
therapeutic actions and indications,
435
Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase
inhibitors, 126, 135
adverse effects, 135
contraindications and cautions, 135
drug–drug interactions, 135
pharmacokinetics, 135
therapeutic actions and indications, 135
Non-selective adrenergic blocking agents,
470–473
adverse effects, 472
care considerations, 473
contraindications and cautions,
471–472
drug–drug interactions, 472
pharmacokinetics, 471
therapeutic actions and indications,
470–471
Non-selective alpha-adrenergic blocking
agents, 469, 474–475
adverse effects, 474
care considerations, 474–475
contraindications and cautions, 474
drug–drug interactions, 474
pharmacokinetics, 474
therapeutic actions and indications, 474
Non-selective beta-adrenergic blocking
agents, 469, 477–480
adverse effects, 478–479
care considerations, 479–480
contraindications and cautions, 478
critical thinking scenario, 480–482
drug–drug interactions, 480
pharmacokinetics, 477–478
therapeutic actions and indications, 477
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
(NSAIDs), 240, 246–252
adverse effects, 250
care considerations, 252
contraindications and cautions,
249–250
drug–drug interactions, 250
