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Brain: Physiologic metabolites
•
NAA: Neuronal marker
–
N-acetyl-L-aspartate
–
δ
= 2.01 ppm
•
Cr: Energy store
–
(Phospho-) Creatine
–
δ
= 3.03 ppm and 4 ppm
•
Cho: Membrane turnover
–
Phosphocholin, Glycerophosphorylcholin
–
δ
= 3.22 ppm
Brain: Pathologic metabolites
•
Lactate: Anaerobic glycolysis
–
Hypoxic areas
–
Macrophages
–
δ
= 1.33 ppm doublet (inverted at 135 ms)
•
Lipids (fatty acids): Necrosis
–
δ
= 1.2 - 1.4 ppm
Normal
Tumor
NAA
Cho
Cr
Cr
Lactate
Cho
NAA
Bachert et al., Radiologe 2004
Typical spectra
Tumor characterization
Schlemmer et al., AJNR 2001; Weber et al., Radiologe 2003
Cho
Metastasis
6 months
Grade II glioma
ppm
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
3.5
2.5
1.5
0.5
NAA
Cho