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Eternal India
encyclopedia
FREEDOM MOVEMENT
PREAMBLE
CHRONOLOGY
1946 - Dec 9
Constituent
Assembly
first
meeting.
1949-
Nov
26
Complete framed constitution.
1950-
Jan
26
Constitution enforced.
1952
First general elections 173
million on electoral rolls,
105 million exercised thei
franchise.
GENERAL ELECTIONS
1952
First
Election
1957 Second Election
1962
Third Election
1967 Fourth Election
1971
Fifth Election
1977
Sixth Election
1980 Seventh Election
1984 Eighth Election
1989
Ninth Election
1991
Tenth Election
1996 Eleventh Election
FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
Article 14 :
Equality before the law and equal protection of the laws
within the territory of India
Article 15 :
Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race,
caste, sex or place of birth
Article 16 :
Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment
Article 19 :
"All citizens shall have the right-
(a)
to freedom of speech and expressions;
(b)
to assemble peacefully and without arms;
(c)
to form association or unions; ................
(d)
to practice any profession or to carry on any occupation,
trade or business...
Directive Principles of State Policy
Article 38 :
" State to secure a social order for the promotion of welfare
of the people"
Article 39 :
"The State shall in particular; direct its policy towards
securing -
(a)
that the citizens, men and women equally, have the right
to an adequate means of livelihood;
(b)
That the ownership and control of the material resources
of the community are so distributed as best to subserve
the common good
(c)
that the operation of the economic system does not
result in the concentration of wealth and means of pro-
duction to the common detriment;
(d)
that there is equal pay for equal work for both men and
women
(e)
that the health and the strength of workers men and
women, and the tender age of children are not abused
and that citizens are not forced by economic necessity
to enter avocations unsuited to their age or strength
(f)
that the children are given opportunities and facilities
to develop in a healthy manner and in conditions of free-
dom and dignity and that childhood and youth are
protected against exploitation and against moral and
material abandonment.”
Article 41 :
"The State shall within the limits of its economic capacity
and development, make effective provision for securing the
right to work, to education and to public assistance in cases
of unemployment, old age, sickness and disablement and in
other cases of undeserved want".
Article 42 :
“The state shall make provision for securing just and hu-
mane conditions of work and for maternity relief.”
Article 43:
“Living wage, etc, for workers.... work, a living wage, con-
ditions of work ensuring a decent standard of life and full
enjoyment of leisure and social and cultural opportunities.”
Article 43 A: “Participation of workers in management of industries.”
Article 47:
“Duty of the State to raise the level of nutrition and the
standard of living and to improve public health.”
"
Credit goes to the people of this great and ancient landfor having demonstrated, so convincingly, their love for freedom and democracy,
their ability to run the sophisticated institutions devised by the Constitution and, above all, their sense of dedication to the cause of the
country."
H. R. Gokhale