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Eternal India
encyclopedia
FREEDOM MOVEMENT
independence led agitation for a separate Sikh
state; edited the monthly
‘
Sant Sepai
’, died in
1967.
Mathura Singh Dr. (Punjab)
Joined revolutionary movement and visited
San Francisco (USA-1913) to work for the
Ghadar
party; worked at the secret head quarters of the
revolutionary party in Amritsar; captured by the
police, tried for treason and died on the gallows
(March
1917).
Mohd. Barakatullah (1864-1927, M.P)
Published the joumal-Islamic Fraternity;
worked in Japan against the British; joined the
Ghadar Party in USA; helped in the
establishment
of
Indian
Independence
Committee
at
Berlin;
vis-
ited Turkey to obtain help to remove British
from India; died in exile 1927 (U.S.A).
Mukherji, Jatindra Nath (Bagha)
(1880-1915)
Prominent
leader
of
revolutionary
movement in Bengal.
Munshi, Kanahiyalal Manaklal
(1887, Gujarat)
Home Minister of Bombay (1937); elected
to the Constituent Assembly; Food Minister at
the Centre (1952); Governor of U.P. (1953-58);
joined the Swatantra Party (1960); founded the
Bharatiya VidyaBhavan (1938)
Pant, Govind Ballabh (1887-1961, Almora)
Started a weekly
‘Shakti’
President of the
UP Congress Committee (1927); participated in
agitation against Simon Commission (1927) and
injured for life; participated in individual
Satyagraha;
member of the Constituent Assembly of India; a
forceful orator, man of action and nationalist; he
was the union minister of Home Affairs till his
death.
Patel, Vithalbhai (1871-1931, Bombay)
First elected Indian President of Central
Assembly; a qualified Barrister; joined Swaraj
Party (1922); undertook lecture tour of USA
(1932);
went to Geneva to address the Assembly of
League of Nations (1933), died in 1933.
Patwick, Sohanlal (1883-1916, Punjab)
Joint editor of the Urdu journal ‘Bande
Mataram’ under Lala Lajpat Rai; joined the
Ghadar Party in California (USA); organised
revolt
among
the Indian soldiers of the British Army stationed
at
Burma, Malaya and Singapore and tried for con-
spiracy against the British, sentenced to death,
died
on the gallows at Mandalay jail in Burma (Feb.
10,
Phadke, Vasudev
(1845-1883, Maharashtra)
Built up an armed force comprising Ramoshi
tribe; terrorised the British in 1879; sent to Aden
and kept in inhuman conditions, died fasting (Feb.
17,
1883.)
Pillai, Chidambaram
Pioneer of Swadeshi movement; organised
co-operative weaving mills; founded Swadeshi
Steam Navigation Co; died in 1936.
Pillai, Dr. Champavarman
(1891-1934, Kerala)
Founded the Indian National Party at Berlin
(1914).
Pingle, Vishnu Ganesh ( Poona)
Took active part in organising revolt within
the armed forces; visited Meerut military canton-
ment (1915); arrested in 1915 and charged with
con-
spiring to ‘create disaffection’ among the army,
death sentence was awarded, died on the gallows at
Lahore central jail (1915).
Ramachandran
Disciple of Gandhi; General secretary, All
India Village Industries Association; participated in
Salt Satyagraha and Quit India movement.
Satyamurti S. (1889-1943, T.N.)
Member of the Madras Legislative Council
(1923-30), Central Legislative Council (1933-42);
Mayor of Madras (1941); took a leading part in the
Civil Disobedience Movement (1930) and the Quit
India movement (1942); died in detention (1943)
Satyanada Puri alias Prafulla Kumar Sen
Revolutionary activist against the British
rule;
founded the Thai-Bhagat cultural lodge at Bangkok-
(1940); worked for Indian freedom in south-east
Asia.
Satyapal (1885-1954, Amritsar)
Led anti-Rowlatt Bill agitation; was the sec-
retary and president of Punjab Congress.
Savarkar, Vinayak Damodar
(1883-1966, Maharashtra)
One of the earliest revolutionaries; founded
‘Mitra Mandal’
, started
‘Free India Society’
at
London.
Sayeed, Babu Genu (1908-1930, Poona)
Participated in the salt satyagraha. Died
while stopping truck laden with foreign cloth.
Sen, Surajaya (1894-1934, Chittagong)
Started secret revolutionary organisation;
joined INC (1929); instrumental starting a secret
Chittagong republican army , to liberate Chittag-
ong, installed a revolutionary government at Chit-
tagong but one of his men betrayed him (1933); was
hanged in 1934.
Sheikh, Abdullah Mohd. (1905, Srinagar)
President of the Muslim Conference (1932), All
India States People’s Conference (1946); elected
Chief Minister of the state (Jammu & Kashmir);
was apostle of Hindu Muslim unity.
Shivaram Rajguru (U.P.)
Close associate of Bhagat Singh; took part in
the shooting of J.P. Saunders, Asst. Superintendent
of Police, Lahore, tried in the Lahore conspiracy
case (1730) and executed (March 23, 1931) along
with Bhagat Singh and Sukhdev.
Shukla, Ravi Shankar
(1877-1959, Srinagar)
Took part in non co-operation movement;
was responsible for the formation of new state of
Madhya Pradesh.
Surender alias Dyal (Punjab)
Organised revolutionary activities in Punjab;
close associate of Bhagat Singh; took part in
shooting of Saunders, Assistant Superintendent of
Police,
Lahore (1928); died at Lahore Jail (1931) along with
Bhagat Singh and Rajguru.
Tandon Purushottam Das (1882-1961)
Joined INC (1899); organised Allahabad
District Peasants Committee (1918); associated with
the Congress Committee of enquiry into Jallianwala
Bagh massacre and atrocities (1919); participated in
the No-tax campaign in UP(1930); became a
member of Congress Working Committee, Karachi
Ses-
sion (1931); Member of the Constituent Assembly
(1946), Loksabha (1952), Rajyasabha (1956); re-
ceived Taridon Abhinadan Granth from the
President of India, Rajendra Prasad in 1960 and
Bharat Ratna in 1961; believed strongly in Hindu
Muslim unity, opposed the partition of India; greatly
influ-
enced by Lalalajpat Rai, Madan Mohan Malavia
and Vallabhbhai Patel.
Udham Singh (1899-1940, Puivjab)
Participated in the meeting at Jallianwala
Bagh, wounded, became an ardent Nationalist; vis-
ited Europe, came to England (1937), killed Michael
O' Dwyer while making speech at Caxton Hall, Lon-
don. Tried at Old Bailey, awarded death sentence
(31 st July 1940) exclaimed that he was not sorry for
killing Dwyer, thus avenged the genocide of Jalli-
anwala Bagh after 21 years.