Robben Island to Wall Street

To Nana , for her enduring love and support To my children who give meaning to my life And to the memory of my parents

Published in this series

The Making of an African Communist: Edwin Thabo Mofutsanyana and the Communist Party of South Africa, 1927–1939 Robert Edgar

Writing Left: The Radical Journalism of Ruth First Donald Pinnock

50 Years of the Freedom Charter Raymond Suttner & Jeremy Cronin

Rebellion and Uproar: Makhanda and the Great Escape from Robben Island, 1820 Julia Wells The Guardian: The History of South Africa’s Extraordinary Anti-Apartheid Newspaper James Zug

‘Deaf Me Normal’: Deaf South Africans Tell Their Life Stories Ruth Morgan (ed)

The Corner People of Lady Selborne John Mojapelo

I Listen, I Hear, I Grow: The Autobiography of Ramaphakela Hans Hlalethwa Ramaphakela Hans Hlalethwa

Christianity and the Colonisation of South Africa, 1487–1883. A Documentary History, Vol I Charles Villa-Vicencio & Peter Grassow Christianity and the Modernisation of South Africa, 1867–1936. A Documentary History, Vol II John W. de Gruchy

Unisa Press Pretoria

© 2009 University of South Africa )LUVW HGLWLRQ ¿UVW LPSUHVVLRQ

ISBN 978-1-86888-570-1

Published by Unisa Press University of South Africa P O Box 392, 0003 UNISA

Book Designer: Lubabalo Qabaka &RYHU SKRWRJUDSK 0HJJV 5HGG\ Editor: Lynne Southey

7\SHVHWWLQJ 0DUOp 2HORIVH Indexer: Hannalie Knoetze Printer: Harry’s Printers

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C ontents

Acknowledgements

vii

Foreword

ix

1 3

PART 1: 1994

1 Robben Island revisited

PART 2: 1982 – 1990

11 13 36 44 49 60 67 69 75 81 83 87 93

2 To Vilakazi Street, Soweto 3 Crossing the Rubicon 4 My suburban bridgehead

5 The African Bank 6 One for the road

PART 3: 1943 – 1963

7 Sontaha ya Mehlolo : A Sunday in March 1963

8 Bekkersdal 9 Growing pains

10 My political awakening

11 The initiation

12 The betrayal: Number Four Prison

13 Welcome to my farm. Welcome to the party

100 112 118 127 129 138 148 152

14 Journeying to Robben Island

15 The reception

PART 4: 1963 – 1967

16 Robben Island, Prisoner Number 837/63 17 Unzima lomthwalo (This burden is heavy)

18 Christmas on the Island

19 The melting pot

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21 My B trumpet

166

PART 5: 1967 – 1970

173 175 180 190 203

22 Goodbye Robben Island

23 ‘ By ministerial order, you are banished’

24 Chloe sisal plantation

25 This could be a new beginning

v

PART 6: 1970 – 1976

209 211 217 222 235 237 241 250 254 265 272 277 291 293

26 Unstoppable, a new man 27 Picking up the pieces 28 Searching for a career

Part 7: 1976 – 1982

29 You are a free man, Gaby

30 Midwest, USA

31 American discoveries 32 I stumble into banking 33 ‘ Welcome to New York City’ 34 A look into the future 35 On Broadway with the stars

Part 8: 1990 – 2009

36 A summing up: of this and no other soil

Glossary

301

Bibliography

303

Index

304

Illustrations

321

vi

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A1: (top) Neville Alexander who served 10 years on the Island and I on a nostalgic trip back, 1994 A2: (left) Nelson Mandela, Dr Aubrey Nchaupe, Gaby Magomola and Deputy Chief Justice Dikgang Moseneke

on the historic visit to Robben Island in 1994

9

A3: Receiving Dr Aubrey Nchaupe in the memorable journey back to Robben Island, July 1994

A4: 40 years later, the Robben Island Museum is celebrated. With me is Ahmed Kathrada, who served 26 years with President Mandela, and Judge Dikgang Moseneke, 10 years

10

Part 2 1982 – 1990

2 To Vilakazi Street, Soweto

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15

To Vilakazi Street, Soweto

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Chapter 2

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17

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18

Chapter 2

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