1222
Index
Ventilation-perfusion scan, for
pulmonary embolism, 589
Ventricular assist devices (VAD),
for heart failure, 498
Ventricular septal defects, 476
f
,
477–478
Ventricular system, 844–845,
845
f
Ventricular volume overload, in
heart failure, 491
Verrucae, 1157–1158, 1158
f
Vertebral column, injury to,
904–905, 905
f
Vertical transmission, of infec-
tious agents, 306
Vertigo, 986
benign paroxysmal positional,
985
f
, 987
Very–low-density lipoprotein
(VLDL), 404–405, 405
f
Vesicoureteral reflux, 668
Vesicular transport, 5
f
, 15
Vessel spasm, in hemostasis,
263–264, 264
f
Vestibular folds, 515, 515
f
Vestibular system, 984–986,
985
f
–986
f
disorders of, 986–988
treatment of, 988–989
tests of, 988
Vestibule, 1018, 1018
f
Villus, 687–688, 688
f
, 690, 690
f
Vimentin, 8
Viral conjunctivitis, 958
Viral croup, 559–560, 559
f
, 560
t
Viral hepatitis, 732–735
chronic, 735
Viral infections
in intestines, 710
of skin, 1157–1159,
1158
f
–1159
f
Viral meningitis, 941
Virulence of infections, 307–309,
308
t
Viruses, 298
t
, 299–300,
299
f
–300
f
cancer and, 143–144
Visceral calcifications, 647
Visceral epithelial cells, 602, 602
f
Visceral layer, 568
Visceral pain, 864
Visceral pericardium, 465
Visceral peritoneum, 678
Visual field defects, 970
f
,
970–971
Vital capacity (VC), 526
Vitamin B
12
-deficiency anemia,
288–289, 289
f
Vitamin C, deficiency of, 270
f
,
273
Vitamin D
activation of, 613
in bone formation and metab-
olism, 1069
t
, 1072–1073,
1072
f
imbalance of, with CKD,
646–647
in osteomalacia and rickets,
1115–1117
Vitamin K, deficiency of, 273
Vitamins
absorption of, 717, 718
t
requirements of, 226–227
for wound healing, 81
Vitiligo, 1149–1150, 1149
f
VLDL.
See
Very-low-density
lipoprotein
Vocal folds, 515, 515
f
Volkmann canals, 1066, 1067
f
Voltage-gated channels, 14
Volume, in circulatory system,
376–377, 377
f
Volvulus, 715, 716
f
Vomiting, 693–694, 694
f
Vomitus, 693
von Gierke disease, 34
Von Recklinghausen disease.
See
Neurofibromatosis
Von Willebrand disease, 272
von Willebrand factor (vWF), 263
Vulva, 1017–1018, 1018
f
disorders of, 1025–1026
neoplasms of, 1025–1026
Vulvodynia, 1026
vWF.
See
von Willebrand factor
Washout phenomenon, 667
Wasting syndrome, 369
Water
absorption of, 717, 718
t
movement across cell mem-
brane, 14–15
Water balance
disorders of, 171–176, 172
f
with CKD, 645, 645
f
regulation of, 167–168, 168
f
,
168
t
mechanism of, 168–171
Water intoxication, 174–175
Weakness, with heart failure,
494–495
Wear-and-tear arthritis.
See
Osteoarthritis
Wear-and-tear pigment.
See
Lipofuscin
Wegener granulomatosis, 414,
414
t
Weight
loss of, 232–233
measurement of, 228–229,
229
t
Weil syndrome, 302
Werner syndrome, 46
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome,
951
Western blot assay, for HIV, 370
West Nile virus (WNV), 316
Wheal, 1148, 1149
f
White blood cells.
See
Leukocytes
White fat, 224
Whiteheads, 1160
White matter, 823
longitudinal tracts of, 835–
836, 835
f
–836
f
, 835
t
Wild-type allele, 107
Wilms tumor, 636, 636
f
Windpipe.
See
Trachea
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, 362
WNV.
See
West Nile virus
Women, urinary tract infections
in, 669
Wound healing, 78, 78
f
cutaneous, 79–81, 80
f
–83
f
in elderly, 84
factors affecting, 81, 83–84
phases of, 78–79, 79
f
Wound separation, 84
Woven bone, 1066
Xanthine oxidase inhibitors, 1132
Xanthomas, 407, 407
f
X chromosome, 95, 95
f
Xeroderma pigmentosum, 38
Xerosis, 1150–1151
X-linked agammaglobulinemia,
359
X-linked disorders, 107
t
, 111,
111
f
Y chromosome, 95, 95
f
Yeasts, 304–305, 304
f
Z line, 24
f
, 25
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, 704
Zygote, 88
