Index
1205
CRF.
See
Corticotropin-releasing
factor
Cristae, 6, 6
f
Crohn disease, 706
f
, 707–708,
707
t
, 708
f
Crossing over, 96, 97
f
Croup, 559–560, 559
f
, 560
t
CRP.
See
C-reactive protein
CRPS.
See
Complex regional pain
syndrome
CRRT.
See
Continuous renal
replacement therapy
Cryptorchidism, 1012–1013, 1013
f
Crypts of Lieberkühn, 687–688,
688
f
, 690
f
Crystal-induced arthropathies,
1131–1133, 1132
f
, 1135–1136
CSF.
See
Cerebrospinal fluid
CSFs.
See
Colony-stimulating
factors
CSII.
See
Continuous subcutane-
ous insulin infusion
CTLs.
See
Cytotoxic T
lymphocytes
Cuboidal epithelium, 21–22, 22
f
Culture, for infection diagnosis,
311, 311
f
Curling ulcer, 704
Cushing disease, 273, 788
Cushing syndrome, 788–790, 789
f
Cushing ulcer, 704
Cutaneous pain, 864
Cuticle.
See
Eponychium
CVID.
See
Common variable
immunodeficiency
Cyanosis, 566
with heart failure, 495
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs),
in cell cycle, 72–73, 75, 75
f
Cyclins, in cell cycle, 72–73, 75,
75
f
Cycloplegia, 961
Cystatin C, 614
Cystic diseases, of kidneys,
618–621, 619
f
Cystic fibrosis (CF), 583–585, 584
f
Cystic fibrosis–related diabetes
(CFRD), 804
Cystic fibrosis transmembrane
regulator (CFTR), 584–585
Cystine stones, 633–634, 633
t
Cystocele, 1034–1035, 1034
f
Cysts, renal, 621
Cytogenetics, 96
prenatal analyses, 126
Cytokines, 323–324, 324
t
blood cell regulation, 242–243
in hypersensitivity disorders,
345
in inflammation, 56, 59, 59
f
,
61, 330
in stress response, 212
Cytoplasm, 2, 2
f
, 4–8, 4
f
–5
f
, 300
Cytoplasmic membrane, 300
Cytosine, in DNA, 88
Cytotoxic edema, 918–919
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs),
321, 333–334, 334
f
, 339,
339
f
, 350, 350
f
Daily value (DV), 225
Damage theories, of cellular
aging, 45–46
Dane particle, 733
Dawn phenomenon, 813
DCM.
See
Dilated
cardiomyopathy
DDAVP.
See
Desmopressin acetate
DDH.
See
Developmental dyspla-
sia of the hip
Dead air space, 528
Death, cellular, 7, 42–45, 42
f
–44
f
Death receptors, 43, 43
f
Decerebrate posturing, 922, 922
f
,
928–929
Decorticate posturing, 922, 922
f
,
928–929
Decubitus ulcers.
See
Pressure ulcers
Deep somatic pain, 864
Deep tendon reflex (DTR), 885,
885
f
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT),
439
c
, 439–440
pulmonary embolism and, 589
with spinal cord injury, 912
Defecation, control of, 685
Defervescence, 67
Defibrillator, for heart failure, 498
Degenerative joint disease.
See
Osteoarthritis
Dehisce, 84
Delayed-type hypersensitivity
(DTH) disorders, 351
Delayed union, 1088, 1089
t
22q11.2 Deletion syndrome
(22q11.2 DS), 116
Dementia, 948–952
Alzheimer type, 948–950, 949
f
frontotemporal, 951
in Huntington disease, 951–952
vascular, 951
in Wernicke-Korsakoff syn-
drome, 951
Dendritic cells, 822–823, 822
f
in adaptive immunity, 332
in innate immunity, 320, 326
Dendrocytes, dermal, 1145
Denervation atrophy, 32
Dennie-Morgan folds, 1162
Dense connective tissue, 23–24
Deoxyribonucleic acid.
See
DNA
Deoxyribose, in DNA, 88
Depolarization, 826, 826
f
Dermal dendrocytes, 1145
Dermatitis
allergic contact, 351
atopic, 1161–1162, 1162
f
Dermatomes, 855, 856
f
Dermatomyositis, juvenile,
1134–1135
Dermatophytes, 305
Dermatophytid reaction, 1156,
1156
f
Dermatoses
allergic and hypersensitive,
1161–1164, 1162
f
, 1164
f
papulosquamous, 1164–1166,
1165
f
–1166
f
Dermis, 1142
f
, 1144–1145
Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP),
for coagulation disorders, 272
Desmosomes, 27, 28
f
Detrusor muscle, 657, 657
f
Detrusor–sphincter dyssynergia,
658, 663
Detumescence, 998
Developmental dysplasia of
the hip (DDH), 1102–1104,
1102
f
–1103
f
Diabetes insipidus (DI), 170–171
Diabetes mellitus
classification of, 800–805, 800
t
clinical manifestations of, 805
complications of
acute, 810–813, 811
f
chronic, 813–818, 813
f
,
815
c
, 817
f
cystic fibrosis–related, 804
diagnostic test for, 805–806
etiology of, 799–800, 800
t
, 801
t
gestational, 804–805
management of, 806–810,
808
f
–809
f
maturity-onset, of young, 804
new-onset, after transplant, 804
other types of, 803–804
risk for, 800
type 1, 800–802, 800
t
type 2, 800
t
, 802–803, 804
c
wound healing and, 84
Diabetic foot ulcers, 816–817,
817
f
Diabetic glomerulosclerosis, 627
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA),
810–812, 811
f
Diabetic nephropathies, 815–816
Diabetic neuropathies, 814–815
Diabetic retinopathy, 816,
964–965, 964
f
Dialysis.
See
Hemodialysis;
Peritoneal dialysis
Diaper dermatitis, 1177–1178
Diaphragm, 521–522, 522
f
Diaphysis, 1065, 1065
f
Diarrhea, 713–714, 714
c
inflammatory, 713–714
osmotic, 713
secretory, 714
Diarthroses.
See
Synovial joints
Diastole, 390–392, 391
f
Diastolic pressure, 420, 420
f
,
423, 423
f
DIC.
See
Disseminated intravas-
cular coagulation
Diencephalon, 841–842, 841
f
Dietary management, of diabetes
mellitus, 806–807
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs),
225
Differentiation, cellular
adaptations of, 31–34, 32
f
, 33
f
neoplasms and, 130, 132–133,
132
f
Diffuse brain injury, 926–929,
927
f
, 927
t
–928
t
, 929
f
Diffuse large B-cell lymphomas,
254, 254
c
Diffuse lymphoid tissue, 246
Diffuse parenchymal lung diseases.
See
Interstitial lung disease
Diffusion, 14–15
of gases, 529–530
impaired, 594–595
in respiration, 565–566
DiGeorge syndrome.
See
Thymic
hypoplasia
Digestion, 687–688, 688
f
,
689–692
of carbohydrates, 690, 691
f
,
691
t
of fats, 691–692, 692
f
of protein, 691
Digestive tract.
See
Gastrointestinal system
Digitalis, for heart failure, 498
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM),
469–470, 470
f
Diluting segment, 603, 606
Dimorphic, 551
Direct antigen detection, 312
Discriminative pathway, 856–857,
857
f
Disease-modifying antirheumatic
drugs (DMARDs), 1123
Dislocation, 1080
of hip, 1083
of patella, 1082
Dissecting aneurysm, 417–419,
417
f
Disseminated intravascular
coagulation (DIC), 273–275,
274
c
, 274
f
with shock, 508–509
Distensibility, of blood vessels, 379
Distributive shock, 501
c
, 502
f
,
505–508
Disuse atrophy, 32
Diuretics, for heart failure, 497
Diverticular disease, 711–712,
712
f
Diverticulosis, 711, 712
f
DKA.
See
Diabetic ketoacidosis
DMARDs.
See
Disease-modifying
antirheumatic drugs
DMD.
See
Duchenne muscular
dystrophy
DNA
genetic code, 89–90, 90
t
genetic variability in, 90
packaging of, 89, 89
f
recombinant, 101–103
repair of, 90
structure of, 88–89, 88
f
DNA fingerprinting, 102–103,
102
f
DNA probe hybridization, 312
DNA sequencing, for infection
diagnosis, 313–314, 313
f
Dominant trait, 98, 107
Dopamine, in circulatory control,
400
Dorsal column–medial lemniscal
pathway, 856–857, 857
f
Dorsal root ganglia, 830, 831
f
Doubling time, 134
Down-regulation, 758
Down syndrome, 117–118, 117
f
DRIs.
See
Dietary Reference
Intakes
Droplet nuclei, 548
Drug-induced liver disease, 737
Drug-induced neuromuscular
junction disorder, 890–891
Drug-induced photosensitivity,
1168
Drug-induced skin eruptions,
1163–1164, 1164
f
Drug-induced thrombocytopenia,
271
Drug-related nephropathies,
629–630
Drugs
bladder control and, 659, 660
t
cellular injury from, 38
elimination of, 612–613
liver metabolism of, 736–737
for pain, 867–868
as teratogenic agent, 121–123
DTH disorders.
See
Delayed-type
hypersensitivity disorders
