Index
1209
treatment of, 497–498
types of, 491–493, 491
f
Heart rate, 392–393
Heart valves.
See also specific
valves
anatomy of, 384–386,
384
f
–386
f
Heat
loss of, 64–65, 64
t
production of, 63–64, 64
t
Heinz bodies, 286
Helicobacter pylori
cancer and, 143, 704–705
gastritis, 702, 702
f
peptic ulcer and, 703–704
Helminths, 305
Helper T cells, 321, 333–334,
334
f
, 338–339
Hemagglutinins, 308
Hemangiomas of infancy, 1178
Hematocele, 1003
Hematocrit, 281, 282
f
, 282
t
Hematogenous osteomyelitis,
1091–1092, 1091
f
Hematogenous spread, of cancer,
135–136, 136
f
Hematologic system, disorders
of, in chronic kidney disease,
645
f
, 647–648
Hematomas, 924–926,
925
f
–926
f
, 1079, 1086, 1086
f
,
1088
Hematopoiesis, 242–243, 242
f
neoplastic disorders of,
249–258
Hematopoietic cells, transplanta-
tion of, 353
Hematopoietic growth factors,
242–243
Hemianopia, 970
Hemidesmosomes, 27, 28
f
Hemiplegia, 887, 887
f
Hemodialysis
for acute renal failure, 642–643
for CKD, 650, 651
f
Hemodynamic instability, with
thermal injury, 1169
Hemodynamics, 378, 380–381
Hemoglobin, 277–278, 278
f
carbon dioxide transport, 193,
193
f
, 534
laboratory tests for, 281, 282
t
oxygen binding to, 530–531,
532
f
oxygen dissociation curve,
531, 533–534, 534
f
synthesis of, 279, 279
f
Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), 806
Hemoglobin H (HbH), 286
Hemolytic anemia, 280, 283
acquired, 287
inherited, 283–287
Hemolytic disease of newborn,
293
Hemolytic uremic syndrome
(HUS), 271, 308
Hemophilia A, 272–273
Hemorrhage, aneurysmal sub-
arachnoid, 937–938, 937
f
Hemorrhagic exudates, 60
Hemorrhagic measles.
See
Rubeola
Hemorrhagic stroke, 934
Hemorrhagic telangiectasia, 273
Hemostasis, 261, 262
f
clot dissolution, 265, 265
f
, 267
clot retraction, 265, 265
f
, 267
coagulation cascade, 265–267,
265
f
–266
f
platelet plug formation,
263–264, 264
f
vessel spasm, 263–264, 264
f
Hemothorax, 569
Henson disease, 308
Hepatic encephalopathy, 743
Hepatic sinusoids, 726, 726
f
Hepatic syndromes
cirrhosis, 739–740, 740
f
portal hypertension, 740–742,
741
f
–742
f
Hepatitis
acute fulminant, 736
alcoholic, 738
alcohol-induced, 738
f
autoimmune, 735–736
drug-induced, 737
viral, 732–735
chronic, 735
Hepatitis A virus (HAV), 732–733,
733
f
Hepatitis B virus (HBV), 733–734,
733
f
cancer and, 143
Hepatitis C virus (HCV), 734,
734
f
cancer and, 143
Hepatitis D virus (HDV), 734–735
Hepatitis E virus (HEV), 734–735
Hepatobiliary tree, 726, 726
f
Hepatocellular carcinoma, 744
Hepatocytes, 726
Hepatopancreatic ampulla, 726
Hepatorenal syndrome, 743
Hepatotropic viruses, 732
Herald patch, 1165
Hereditary angioneurotic edema,
1163
Hereditary nephritis.
See
Alport
syndrome
Heredity, cancer and, 141
Hernia
brain, 919, 921
f
–922
f
, 922
hiatal, 698, 698
f
in intestinal obstruction, 716
f
Herniated disk, 895–896,
895
f
–896
f
Herpes simplex keratitis, 959
Herpes simplex virus (HSV)
in genital herpes, 1051–1052
in skin, 1158–1159, 1158
f
Herpes zoster, in skin, 1159, 1159
f
Heterograft, for thermal injury,
1170–1171
Heteronymous loss, 971
Heterozygotes, 98, 107, 138
HEV.
See
Hepatitis E virus
HHS.
See
Hyperglycemic hyper-
osmolar state
HHV-6.
See
Human herpes virus 6
HHV-8.
See
Human herpes virus 8
Hiatal hernia, 698, 698
f
Hiatus, 677, 697
HIFs.
See
Hypoxia-inducible
factors
High–bone-turnover osteodystro-
phy, 647
High-density lipoprotein (HDL),
404–406, 405
f
, 406
t
Hilus
of kidneys, 600
of lungs, 516, 516
f
Hindbrain, 833
t
–834
t
, 840–841,
840
f
Hip
developmental dysplasia of,
1102–1104, 1102
f
–1103
f
injuries to, 1083–1084, 1083
f
osteoporosis, 1113–1114, 1114
f
Hirschsprung disease, 715
Histamine
in circulatory control, 399
in hypersensitivity disorders,
345
in inflammation, 57
Histone, 89, 89
f
Histoplasmosis, 551
HIV.
See
Human immunodefi-
ciency virus
HIV-associated neurocognitive
disorders (HANDs), 368
HLAs.
See
Human leukocyte
antigens
Hodgkin lymphoma, 255–256,
256
f
Homeostasis, 206–208, 207
b
, 207
f
Homograft, for thermal injury,
1170–1171
Homologs, 95
Homonymous, 971
Homozygotes, 98, 107
Hormonal hyperplasia, 33
Hormone response element, 759
Hormones, 753–754, 756
t
.
See
also specific hormones
action of, 756
t
of adrenal gland, 784–786,
784
f
–785
f
in bone formation and
metabolism, 1069, 1069
t
,
1071–1073, 1071
f
–1072
f
for cancer, 151
in cancer development, 141
counterregulatory, 798–799
elimination of, 757
of gastrointestinal system,
688–689, 688
t
glucose regulation by, 794–799,
795
f
gut-derived, 798
of hypothalamus, 759,
762
f
–763
f
in male reproductive system,
994–995, 995
c
mechanisms of action, 758, 758
c
ovary production of,
1020–1023
of pituitary gland, 761, 763
f
receptors for, 758
c
, 758–761,
760
f
–761
f
regulation of, 762
f
–763
f
feedback, 762, 763
f
hypothalamic-pituitary axis,
759, 761, 762
f
–763
f
source of, 756
t
structural classification of,
754–755, 757
t
synthesis of, 755
of thyroid gland, 776–778
transport of, 755, 757, 757
f
Horseshoe kidney, 618, 618
f
Hospital-acquired pneumonia,
545–546
Host, 298
Host defenses, in UTI, 667
HPV.
See
Human papilloma virus
HSV.
See
Herpes simplex virus
5-HT.
See
5-Hydroxytryptamine
HTLV-1.
See
Human T-cell leuke-
mia virus-1
Human Genome Project, 99–100
Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis,
303
Human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6),
1179
Human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8),
cancer and, 143
Human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV)
in children, 371
classification and phases of,
365
c
, 365–366, 366
f
, 366
t
diagnosis of, 370
malignancies with, 368–369,
369
f
molecular and biologic fea-
tures of, 363–365, 364
f
opportunistic infections with,
367–368, 367
f
in pregnancy, 371
respiratory tract infections
with, 367
f
transmission of, 362–363
treatment of, 370–371
Human leukocyte antigens
(HLAs), 335
in transplantation, 353
Human monocytic ehrlichiosis,
303
Human papilloma virus (HPV)
with AIDS, 369
cancer and, 143
in genital warts, 1050–1051,
1050
f
Human T-cell leukemia virus-1
(HTLV-1), cancer and, 143–144
Humoral control
of blood flow, 399
of blood pressure, 423–424,
424
f
of renal blood flow, 607, 609
Humoral immunity, 319–320,
319
f
, 331, 337–338, 338
f
B lymphocytes and, 335–338,
336
f
immunodeficiency disorders,
358–360, 359
f
Hunger, 227–228, 227
f
Huntington disease (HD),
951–952
HUS.
See
Hemolytic uremic
syndrome
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria
syndrome, 46
Hyaline cartilage, 1064
Hyaline casts, 615
Hyaline membrane disease.
See
Respiratory distress syndrome
Hybridization studies, for genetic
mapping, 100–101
Hybridomas, 312
Hydrocele, 1003, 1003
f
Hydrocephalus, 922–923
Hydrogen/bicarbonate exchange,
194–195
Hydrolysis, 689
Hydronephrosis, 632, 632
f
Hydrops fetalis, 293
