Index
1211
site of, 309–310
of skin, 1153–1159
fungal, 1153–1156,
1154
f
–1156
f
skin manifestations of,
1179–1180, 1179
f
–1180
f
source of, 307
terminology for, 297–298
treatment for, 314–315
virulence factors, 307–309,
308
t
viruses, 299–300, 299
f
–300
f
in wounds, 84
Infectious agents, as teratogenic
agent, 123
Infectious mononucleosis,
248–249, 248
f
Infective endocarditis (IE),
457–458, 458
f
Inflammation, 49
acute, 50, 53–60, 57
f
–59
f
adipose tissue and, 231
of breast, 1042–1043
CAMs in, 52
cells of, 50–52, 50
f
, 51
f
chronic, 50, 61–62, 62
f
impaired response to, in
wound healing, 84
of penis, 1000
systemic manifestations of
acute-phase response, 62–63
fever, 63–68, 63
f
, 64
f
, 64
t
,
66
f
in wound healing, 80, 82, 82
f
Inflammatory bowel disease
(IBD), 706–707, 706
f
, 707
t
etiology and pathogenesis of,
707
Inflammatory diarrhea, 713–714
Inflammatory response, 325
Influenza, 542–544, 543
f
Infratentorial herniation, of
brain, 921
f
, 922
Ingestion, of infectious agents,
306–307
Inhalation, of infectious agents,
307
Inheritance, patterns of, 98–99
Inhibin A, for prenatal screening
and diagnosis, 125
Injury, cellular
causes of, 36–39, 37
f
mechanisms of, 39–41, 40
f
reversible, 42, 42
f
Innate immunity, 318–320, 319
f
cells of, 325–326
epithelial barriers, 325
pathogen recognition,
326–327, 327
t
soluble mediators of, 327–331,
328
f
–329
f
in stimulating adaptive immu-
nity, 331
Innervation
of dermis, 1145
of lungs, 520
Inotropic influence, in cardiac
contractility, 393
Inotropy, 487–488, 488
f
Input association (IA) neuron,
832, 833
f
Insensible perspiration, 65
Insensible water losses, 168
In situ hybridization, 101
Inspiration, 522, 522
f
Inspiratory capacity (IC), 526
in asthma, 575
Inspiratory retractions, 556
f
, 557
Insulin, 795–798, 795
t
,
796
f
–797
f
, 809–810
Insulin autoantibodies (IAAs), 801
Insulin-like growth factors
(IGFs), 771
deficiency, in children, 772–773,
772
f
Insulin resistance syndrome.
See
Metabolic syndrome
Insulin secretagogues, 807–808,
809
f
Integral proteins, 2, 3
f
Integrase inhibitors, for HIV
infection, 371
Integrins, 29, 77, 77
f
in inflammation, 52
Integumentum.
See
Skin
Intercalated cells, 607
Intercalated disks, 382, 384
f
Intercostal muscles, 521–522, 522
f
Interferons (IFNs), 323
for cancer, 152
Interleukin-1 (IL-1), in inflamma-
tion, 59, 59
f
Interleukins (ILs), 323
for cancer, 152
Intermediate-density lipoprotein
(IDL), 404–405, 405
f
Intermediate gray matter, 837, 838
f
Intermittent fever, 65–66, 66
f
Intermittent pneumatic compres-
sion (IPC), for pulmonary
embolism, 590
International HapMap Project,
101
Interphase, 72
Interstitial cystitis, 670–671
Interstitial lung disease
causes of, 586
c
clinical features of, 586–587
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis,
587
pathogenesis of, 586
sarcoidosis, 587–588
Interstitial matrix, 77
Intervertebral disk, disorders of,
895–896, 895
f
–896
f
Intestinal flora, 692–693
Intestinal obstruction, 715–716,
716
f
–717
f
Intestinal secretions, 686
t
,
687–688
Intestinal smooth muscle, 683,
683
f
Intestines.
See
Colon; Large intes-
tine; Small intestine
Intoeing, 1098–1099,
1098
f
–1099
f
Intracellular accumulations,
34–35, 35
f
Intracellular fluid (ICF) compart-
ment, 159–160, 160
f
, 161
t
body fluid distribution, 162–163
Intracerebral hematomas,
925–926, 926
f
Intracranial hemorrhage,
937–939
Intracranial pressure (ICP),
920–921, 920
f
–921
f
increased, 919
Intraductal papillomas, 1043
Intraepidermal squamous cell
carcinoma, 1176
Intraocular pressure, 967–969,
968
f
Intrapleural pressure, 521, 521
f
Intrapulmonary pressure.
See
Alveolar pressure
Intrarenal renal failure, 640
c
,
640
f
, 641–642
Intrathoracic pressure, 521, 521
f
Intrinsic apoptosis, 43, 43
f
Intrinsic reflexes, 421
Introitus, 1018, 1018
f
Introns, 91, 94
f
Intrusion, in PTSD, 217
Intussusception, 715, 716
f
–717
f
Invasion factors, 308
t
, 309
Invasive squamous cell carcinoma,
1176
Involuntary muscle.
See
Smooth
muscle
Ionizing radiation.
See
Radiation
IPC.
See
Intermittent pneumatic
compression
IPF.
See
Idiopathic pulmonary
fibrosis
Iron-deficiency anemia, 287–288
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS),
705–706
Irritant receptors, 536
Ischemia
brain injury, 917–918, 917
f
cellular injury from, 40
f
, 41
Ischemic stroke, 932–934, 932
f
Islet amyloid polypeptide.
See
Amylin
Islet cell autoantibodies, 801
Islets of Langerhans, 794, 795
f
transplantation of, 810
Isochromosome formation, 115,
116
f
Isotonic fluid volume
deficit of, 171–173, 173
t
excess of, 173–174, 173
t
Isovolumetric contraction period,
390
Isovolumetric relaxation period,
391
ITP.
See
Immune thrombocytope-
nic purpura
Jaundice, 34–35, 280, 729–730,
730
c
, 730
f
JDMS.
See
Juvenile
dermatomyositis
JIA.
See
Juvenile idiopathic
arthritis
Joints, 1073–1074.
See also
Arthritis
injuries to, 1079–1084,
1080
f
–1083
f
synovial, 1074–1076,
1074
f
–1075
f
vasculature and innervation,
1075
Junctional nevi, 1173
Juvenile dermatomyositis
(JDMS), 1134–1135
Juvenile diabetes.
See
Type 1A
immune-mediated diabetes
mellitus
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA),
1133–1134
Juvenile osteochondroses,
1104–1105, 1105
f
Juvenile spondyloarthropathies,
1134
Juxtacapillary receptors, 536
Juxtaglomerular complex, 610,
610
f
Juxtamedullary nephrons, 601
f
,
602
Kaposi sarcoma (KS), with AIDS,
368–369, 369
f
Karyotype, 95
f
, 96
Kawasaki disease, 480–481
Keloid, 81, 81
f
Keratin, 21, 1142
Keratinocytes, 1142–1143, 1143
f
Keratitis, 959–960
Keratohyalin, 1143, 1143
f
Kerion, 1155
Kernicterus, 292–293
Ketoacids, formation of, 193
f
, 197
Kidneys.
See also
Renal
entries
in acid-base balance, 194–195,
197, 199–200, 200
f
alterations in position and
form, 618, 618
f
blood flow in, regulation of,
609–611
blood supply, 600–601, 601
f
congenital disorders of,
617–618
cystic diseases, 618–621
cystic diseases of, 619
f
disease, chronic.
See
Chronic
kidney disease
function of
elimination, 611–613
endocrine, 613
tests of, 614–615, 614
f
,
614
t
–615
t
horseshoe, 618, 618
f
hypertension, 427
location of, 599–600, 600
f
–601
f
malignant tumors of, 636–637
nephron in, 601–603,
601
f
–602
f
obstructive disorders of.
See
Urinary tract obstruction
in potassium regulation, 177
stones, 633–635, 633
t
, 634
f
structure of, 600, 600
f
–601
f
transplantation of, for CKD,
651
urine formation in, 603–611,
604
f
–609
f
Kilocalorie, 223
Kimmelstiel-Wilson syndrome, 627
Kinins, 345
Klinefelter syndrome, 119–120
Knee, injuries to, 1081–1083,
1082
f
Knee-jerk reflex, 885, 885
f
Knock-knees.
See
Genu valgum
Köbner phenomenon, 1164
Koplik spots, 1179–1180
Krause end bulbs, 1145
KS.
See
Kaposi sarcoma
Kupffer cells, 726, 726
f
Kwashiorkor, 234–235, 235
f
Labia, 1017, 1018
f
Labile tissues, 73
