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L1 - Broadening the therapeutic band width_NB
8

Slide Number 1
8

Broadening the therapeutic band width Neil Burnet
9

Slide Number 3
10

Introduction
11

RT is potent and cost-effective
12

Introduction
13

Quality of RT affects outcome
14

Quality of RT affects outcome
15

Quality of RT affects outcome
16

Quality of RT affects outcome
17

Slide Number 11
18

Slide Number 12
19

Broadening RT band width
20

Broadening RT band width
21

Broadening RT band width
22

Slide Number 16
23

Increase the therapeutic ratio
24

Increase the therapeutic ratio
25

Increase the therapeutic ratio
26

Increase the therapeutic ratio
27

Increase the therapeutic ratio
28

Increase the therapeutic ratio
29

Normal tissue toxicities
30

Pelvic Ewing’s sarcoma
31

Normal tissue response
32

Normal tissue response
33

Normal tissue response
34

Normal tissue response
35

Slide Number 29
36

Image guidance
37

Broadening the band width
38

Broadening the band width
39

Broadening the band width
40

Broadening the band width
41

Broadening the band width
42

Broadening the band width
43

Treatment volumes compared
44

Ca prostate
45

Ca nasopharynx
46

Ca breast
47

Slide Number 41
48

IMRT for chordoma
49

IMRT for chordoma
50

Bandwidth
51

Conclusions
52

Slide Number 46
53

L2_Sharpe_DoseAlgorithms
54

Slide Number 1
54

ESTRO | Advanced Treatment Planning Course18-22 September 2015 | Lisbon, PortugalPhoton Beam Dose Algorithms
55

Acknowledgements
56

Computer-Aided Treatment Planning
57

Dose Calculation Problem
58

Expectations
59

Dose Calculation Methods
60

Evolution of Photon Beam Dose Algorithms
61

X-Rays: Energy Deposition in a Nutshell
62

Dose Spread Kernel
63

Method: Convolution/Superposition
64

Total Energy Released per MAss (TERMA)
65

Influence of Head Scatter
66

Convolution - Point Kernel
67

Pencil Kernel Integration
68

Breast Tangent Example
69

CT Data to Tissue Properties
70

Images Support Dose Calculations
71

Density Scaling Approximation
72

Calculated Data
73

Electronic Disequilibrium
74

Advanced Kernel Methods
75

RPC/RTOG phantom for SBRT
76

A Simple Algorithm Check
77

A Simple Algorithm Check: MU’s
78

Energy Absorbed by an Inhomogeneity
79

Energy Absorbed by an Inhomogeneity
80

Recent Trends in Photon Dose Calculation
81

Summary – Evolution, not Revolution
82

L3 - ICRU planning and prescribing_NB
83

Slide Number 1
83

ICRU guidance on planning and prescribing Neil Burnet
84

Summary
85

The history of radiotherapy
86

ICRU guidance
87

ICRU guidance
88

Prescribing
89

Prescribing
90

Prescribing
91

Prescribing
92

Prescribing
93

Prescribing
94

Prescribing
95

Prescribing
96

Prescribing
97

Prescribing
98

Prescribing
99

Prescribing
100

Prescribing
101

Prescribing
102

Prescribing
103

Lung doses
104

Prescribing
105

Prescribing
106

ICRU guidance
107

Slide Number 26
108

Target volumes
109

Target volumes
110

Summary
111

Target volumes - PTV
112

Target volumes - PTV
113

Slide Number 32
114

Other volumes - TD
115

Other volumes - RVR
116

Target volumes – OARs
117

Target volumes – OARs
118

Target volumes – OARs
119

Target volumes – OARs
120

Target volumes – OARs
121

Target volumes – OARs + PRVs
122

Target volumes – OARs + PRVs
123

Target volumes – OARs + PRVs
124

Target volumes – PRV
125

 Tissue architecture
126

Target volumes – PRV
127

Target volumes – PRV
128

Target volumes – PRV
129

Target volumes – PRV or optimising structure?
130

Hypothalamus DVHs
131

Hypothalamus DVHs
132

Hypothalamus DVHs
133

Planning dose limits
134

Planning limits
135

Planning constraints
136

Planning constraints
137

Planning constraints
138

Prioritising
139

Slide Number 58
140

Objectives and Priorities
141

GBM - IMRT plan DVHs
142

Constraints and Priorities
143

Target volumes – overlaps
144

Target volumes – overlaps
145

Target volumes – overlaps
146

Target volumes – overlaps
147

Target volumes – overlaps
148

Target volumes – overlaps
149

Target volumes – overlaps
150

Take home messages
151

Slide Number 70
152

Slide Number 71
153

ICRU guidance
154

Homogeneity Index
155

Conformity Index
156

Equivalent Uniform Dose - EUD
157

Equivalent Uniform Dose - EUD
158

Equivalent Uniform Dose - EUD
159

TCP, NTCP, PUC
160

L4_nonIMRT_1hrESTRO
161

Slide Number 1
161

Slide Number 2
162

Slide Number 3
163

Slide Number 4
164

Slide Number 5
165

Slide Number 6
166

Slide Number 7
167

Slide Number 8
168

Slide Number 9
169

Slide Number 10
170

Slide Number 11
171

Slide Number 12
172

Slide Number 13
173

Slide Number 14
174

Slide Number 15
175

Slide Number 16
176

Slide Number 17
177

Slide Number 18
178

Slide Number 19
179

Slide Number 20
180

Slide Number 21
181

Slide Number 22
182

Slide Number 23
183

Slide Number 24
184

Slide Number 25
185

Slide Number 26
186

Slide Number 27
187

Slide Number 28
188

Slide Number 29
189

Slide Number 30
190

Slide Number 31
191

Slide Number 32
192

Slide Number 33
193

Slide Number 34
194

Slide Number 35
195

Slide Number 36
196

Slide Number 37
197

Slide Number 38
198

Slide Number 39
199

Slide Number 40
200

Slide Number 41
201

Slide Number 42
202

Slide Number 43
203

Slide Number 44
204

Slide Number 45
205

Slide Number 46
206

Slide Number 47
207

Slide Number 48
208

Slide Number 49
209

Slide Number 50
210

Slide Number 51
211

Slide Number 52
212

Slide Number 53
213

Slide Number 54
214

Slide Number 55
215

Slide Number 56
216

Slide Number 57
217

Slide Number 58
218

Slide Number 59
219

Slide Number 60
220

Slide Number 61
221

Slide Number 62
222

Slide Number 63
223

Slide Number 64
224

L5 Lung relation between 3D dose distributions and clinical toxicities new
225

Slide Number 1
225

Relationships between 3D dose distributions and clinical toxicities - Chest
226

SBRT: success story
227

SBRT: improving outcomes stage I LC
228

„Standards“ for dose/prescription to PTV?
229

SBRT: wide use, high heterogeneity
230

SBRT: „magic BED10“ of 100 Gy?
231

Slide Number 8
232

Elekta group: Doses, prescriptions
233

Elekta group: Doses vs. outcome
234

Tumor size? Survival?
235

Slide Number 12
236

Slide Number 13
237

SBRT vs. CFRT
238

SPACE - A randomized study of SBRT vs conventional fractionated radiotherapy in medically inoperable stage I NSCLCJ. Nyman1 , A. Hallqvist1 , J.A. Lund2 , O.T. Brustugun3 , P. Bergström4 , S. Friesland5 , R. Lewensohn5 , N. Drugge6 , H. Rylander1 , I. Lax7
239

Central tumors
240

Toxicity!
241

Pat. S.D. *1943, SCC
242

Slide Number 19
243

What is the dangerous SBRT dose to the central mediastinum?
244

Slide Number 21
245

Summary 1: What is the necessary SBRT dose to achieve local control?
246

Slide Number 23
247

Slide Number 24
248

Slide Number 25
249

Slide Number 26
250

Slide Number 27
251

Slide Number 28
252

Slide Number 29
253

Slide Number 30
254

Slide Number 31
255

Course post SBRT
256

Sudden death post SBRT
257

Slide Number 34
258

Slide Number 35
259

Slide Number 36
260

Slide Number 37
261

Slide Number 38
262

Slide Number 39
263

Slide Number 40
264

Slide Number 41
265

How do you do it?
266

There is more than dose and fractionation…
267

Slide Number 44
268

L6_Planning Aspects Breast Cancer_DvdBongard
269

Slide Number 1
269

Slide Number 2
270

Planning aspects in breast RT
271

Slide Number 4
272

Slide Number 5
273

Slide Number 6
274

Breast-conserving surgery +/- whole breast RT
275

RT - mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection
276

Slide Number 9
277

Regional lymph node irradiation – delineation on planning CT
278

Slide Number 11
279

Radiotherapy-induced toxicityLocal radiotherapy (Breast / Chest wall)
280

Radiotherapy-induced toxicityRegional radiotherapy
281

Acute toxicity skin - Radiation dermatitis
282

Late skin / breast toxicity
283

Breast fibrosis – Increased risk of
284

Lung - Radiation pneumonitis
285

Arm edema -After axillary surgery and/or regional radiotherapy
286

Regional radiotherapy instead of axillary surgery
287

Left-side breast cancer and RTThe heart
288

Radiation-induced heart disease
289

Cardiac toxicity and mortality due to RT
290

Radiotherapy-induced toxicityRegional radiotherapy
291

Radiotherapy-induced toxicityRegional radiotherapy boost
292

Radiation induced secondary cancer after breast radiotherapy
293

sp
294

Slide Number 27
295

Slide Number 28
296

Introduction - Conclusions
297

Planning aspects in breast RT
298

Hypofractionationinstead of standard scheme 25x2 Gy
299

Hypofractionation – whole breast irradiation
300

Hypofractionation – whole breast irradiation
301

Canadian study
302

Toxicity – hypofractionated and conventional scheme
303

Hypofractionation – Clinical practice
304

Hypofractionation – FAST (FORWARD)
305

Partial breast RT - Rationale
306

Accelerated partial breast RT - Advantages
307

Accelerated Partial breast RTLow-risk patients
308

APBI – low-risk patients
309

APBI - Methods
310

APBI - External Beam RT
311

Whole vs. Partial breast irradiation – phase III studies
312

Whole vs. Partial breast irradiation – phase III studies
313

Extreme breast hypofractionation – preoperative external beam Radiotherapy
314

Preoperative external beam Radiotherapyprone position
315

Preoperative external beam Radiotherapysupine position
316

Slide Number 49
317

Planning aspects in breast RT
318

Boost on tumor bed: decreased local recurrence
319

Boost on tumor bed – breast fibrosis
320

Simultaneously integrated boost (SIB)instead of sequential boost
321

SIB vs. Sequential boost
322

Simultaneously integrated boost (SIB)
323

Planning aspects in breast RT
324

Optimal cardiac sparing – Breath-hold technique
325

Breath hold techniques
326

UMC Utrecht – Breath hold techniqueBreast +/- regional lymph nodes
327

Breath hold analysis
328

Compliance Breath hold technique
329

Planning aspects in breast RT
330

3-D CRT planning – Breast irradiation
331

More advanced planning techniquesin breast cancer patients
332

Comparison of 3D-CRT, IMRT, VMAT in locoregional RT (including internal mammary nodes)
333

3D-CRT compared to VMAT
334

Multibeam-IMRT compared to VMAT
335

Comparison of 3D-CRT, IMRT, VMAT locoregional RT including IMN
336

Funnel chest – Heartl 2014
337

What about second cancer risk?
338

Conclusions – Innovations in breast cancer RT
339

Thank you for your attention!
340

L7 Relationships between 3D dose distributions and clinical toxicities (H&N and Pelvis)
341

Slide Number 1
341

Relationships between 3D dose distributions and clinical toxicities(H&N and Pelvis)
342

Dosimetry, Biology and Clinic
343

Dosimetry, Biology and Clinic
344

Dose volume histograms
345

DVH related indicators
346

DVH related indicators: mean dose in the OAR
347

DVH related indicators: max dose in the OAR
348

DVH related indicators: V[Gy] dose in the OAR
349

DVH related indicators: D[cc/%] volume in the OAR
350

Be careful using single point indicators…
351

Be careful using single point indicators…
352

Dosimetry, Biology and Clinic
353

Dose/response models
354

Radiobiology for OAR - NTCP
355

Deriving NTCP models from dose/outcome data
356

NTCP models
357

Which dose should be used within NTCP models?
358

Equivalent Uniform Dose
359

The Volume Effect in OAR
360

The Volume Effect in OAR
361

The Volume Effect in OAR
362

The Volume Effect in OAR
363

The Volume Effect in OAR
364

The Volume Effect in OAR
365

The Volume Effect in OAR
366

The Volume Effect in OAR
367

The Volume Effect in OAR
368

The Volume Effect in OAR
369

How to consider the volume effect in dose-response models?
370

Are DVHs (and DVHs derived indicators) the best tool for evaluating treatments?
371

Are DVHs (and DVHs derived indicators) the best tool for evaluating treatments?
372

Beyond the DVHs
373

Reliability of radiobiological evaluation
374

Reliability of radiobiological evaluation
375

Reliability of radiobiological evaluation
376

Reliability of radiobiological evaluation
377

Beyond the theory… QUANTEC
378

Parameters for clinical outcome prediction and planning evaluation
379

Clinical evaluation: comparison of toxicity data from different protocols
380

Parameters for clinical outcome: Brain
381

Parameters for clinical outcome: Brain
382

Parameters for clinical outcome: Brain
383

Parameters for clinical outcome: Brain
384

Parameters for clinical outcome: Brainstem
385

Parameters for clinical outcome: Brainstem
386

Parameters for clinical outcome: Salivary glands
387

Parameters for clinical outcome: Salivary glands
388

Parameters for clinical outcome: Salivary glands
389

Parameters for clinical outcome: Salivary glands
390

Parameters for clinical outcome: Salivary glands
391

Parameters for clinical outcome: Salivary glands
392

Parameters for clinical outcome: Salivary glands
393

Parameters for clinical outcome: Salivary glands
394

Parameters for clinical outcome: Salivary glands
395

Parameters for clinical outcome: Small bowel
396

Parameters for clinical outcome: Small bowel
397

Parameters for clinical outcome: Small bowel
398

Parameters for clinical outcome: Small bowel
399

Parameters for clinical outcome: Small bowel
400

Parameters for clinical outcome: Small bowel
401

Parameters for clinical outcome: Small bowel
402

Parameters for clinical outcome: Small bowel
403

Parameters for clinical outcome: Small bowel
404

Parameters for clinical outcome: Rectum
405

Parameters for clinical outcome: Rectum
406

Parameters for clinical outcome: Rectum
407

Parameters for clinical outcome: Rectum
408

Parameters for clinical outcome: Rectum
409

Parameters for clinical outcome: Urinary bladder
410

Parameters for clinical outcome: Urinary bladder
411

Is the DVH a good predictor of toxicity in bladder?
412

Parameters for clinical outcome: Urinary bladder
413

Parameters for clinical outcome: Urinary bladder
414

Slide Number 75
415

L8_Sharpe_RationaleIMRT
416

Slide Number 1
416

ESTRO Advanced Treatment Planning Course21-25 September 2014 | Budapest, HungaryRationale for IMRT
417

The Modern Era Begins…
418

What is the clinical rationale?
419

The Four Truisms
420

State of the Evidence
421

State of the Evidence
422

State of the Evidence
423

State of the Evidence
424

Virtually All Studies Support IMRT
425

Outline
426

Example 1: Targets
427

Slide Number 13
428

Example 1: Lesson
429

Example 2: Normal Tissues
430

Slide Number 16
431

What happened?
432

Beware of Toxicity Guidelines
433

Example 2: Lessons
434

Example 3: Lessons
435

Slide Number 21
436

Effective Clinical Trials - EORTC
437

Benefits/Cost
438

IMRT for Efficiency
439

IMRT and Automation
440

IMRT and Automation
441

2010 -Accountable to Our Communities
442

Quality
443

2000 - Uncertainties Affect Outcomes
444

Slide Number 30
445

Pre-IGRT Era
446

Image-Guided Localization
447

Lung: 3DCRT vs. IG-IMRT Era
448

Slide Number 34
449

Making Radiation Therapy Better
450

What we know right now…
451

Opinions…
452

L9_Sharpe_ConceptsIMRTPlanning
453

Slide Number 1
453

ESTRO Advanced Treatment Planning Course18-22 September 2015 | Lisbon, PortugalIMRT Planning Concepts
454

Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy
455

Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy
456

Formal Components of IMRT Treatment
457

Patient Model
458

Clinical Objectives
459

Clinical Objectives
460

Cost Function
461

Slide Number 10
462

IMRT Treatment Planning
463

Key Technologies: Treatment Planning
464

Machine Model: Adjustable Parameters
465

Machine Model: Constraints/Limits
466

Fluence Map vs Direct Aperture IMRT
467

Rotational IMRT (VMAT / RapidArc)
468

Exploring Trade-Offs in IMRT
469

Overlap Volume Histogram
470

Peer Review (Quality Control)
471

Patient-Specific QC
472

Patient-Specific QC
473

Slide Number 22
474

Hypothesis
475

Statistical Process Control
476

SPC Basic Procedure
477

IMRT Process Monitoring
478

Improved beam model
479

Improve beam model: verification
480

Patient-Specific QC
481

Automated Beam Model Optimization
482

ABMOS: Test Pattern
483

ABMOS Results
484

ABMOS vs. Previous Model
485

Slide Number 34
486

Independent dose calculation
487

Slide Number 36
488

Slide Number 37
489

Systematic Differences
490

TPS vs 2nd Calculation, One Beam Model
491

TPS vs 2nd Calculation, One Beam Model
492

A new definition of quality
493

Adopting IMRT in Clinical Practice
494

L10_Practical aspects of IMRT planning_GM
495

Slide Number 1
495

Optimalisation 3DCRT
496

Optimalisatie IMRT
497

Slide Number 4
498

Slide Number 5
499

Optimization
500

20 tips and tricks for happy IMRT planning
501

20 tips and tricks for happy IMRT planning
502

20 tips and tricks for happy IMRT planning
503

20 tips and tricks for happy IMRT planning
504

20 tips and tricks for happy IMRT planning
505

20 tips and tricks for happy IMRT planning
506

20 tips and tricks for happy IMRT planning
507

20 tips and tricks for happy IMRT planning
508

20 tips and tricks for happy IMRT planning
509

20 tips and tricks for happy IMRT planning
510

what happens to the dose in the posterior part of PTVwhen the patient is shifted 1 cm dorsally?
511

Slide Number 18
512

20 tips and tricks for happy IMRT planning
513

20 tips and tricks for happy IMRT planning
514

20 tips and tricks for happy IMRT planning
515

20 tips and tricks for happy IMRT planning
516

20 tips and tricks for happy IMRT planning
517

20 tips and tricks for happy IMRT planning
518

20 tips and tricks for happy IMRT planning
519

20 tips and tricks for happy IMRT planning
520

20 tips and tricks for happy IMRT planning
521

20 tips and tricks for happy IMRT planning
522

20 tips and tricks for happy IMRT planning
523

20 tips and tricks for happy IMRT planning
524

20 tips and tricks for happy IMRT planning
525

20 tips and tricks for happy IMRT planning
526

20 tips and tricks for happy IMRT planning
527

20 tips and tricks for happy IMRT planning
528

20 tips and tricks for happy IMRT planning
529

Slide Number 36
530

Conclusions
531

L11_practical aspects IMRT_MST
532

Slide Number 1
532

Slide Number 2
533

Slide Number 3
534

Slide Number 4
535

Slide Number 5
536

Slide Number 6
537

Slide Number 7
538

Slide Number 8
539

Slide Number 9
540

Slide Number 10
541

Slide Number 11
542

Slide Number 12
543

Slide Number 13
544

Slide Number 14
545

Slide Number 15
546

Slide Number 16
547

Slide Number 17
548

Slide Number 18
549

Slide Number 19
550

Slide Number 20
551

Slide Number 21
552

Slide Number 22
553

Slide Number 23
554

Slide Number 24
555

Slide Number 25
556

Slide Number 26
557

Slide Number 27
558

Slide Number 28
559

Slide Number 29
560

Slide Number 30
561

Slide Number 31
562

Slide Number 32
563

Slide Number 33
564

Slide Number 34
565

Slide Number 35
566

Slide Number 36
567

Slide Number 37
568

L12. Physical and biological optimisation_GM
569

Physical and biological optimisation
569

Slide Number 2
570

Slide Number 3
571

Slide Number 4
572

Slide Number 5
573

Slide Number 6
574

Optimization in the biology domain
575

Slide Number 8
576

Slide Number 9
577

Slide Number 10
578

Equivalent uniform dose
579

Equivalent uniform dose
580

Equivalent uniform dose
581

Equivalent uniform dose
582

Equivalent uniform dose
583

Equivalent uniform dose
584

Slide Number 17
585

Slide Number 18
586

Can we go beyond EUD?
587

Can we go beyond EUD?
588

Slide Number 21
589

Slide Number 22
590

Conclusions
591

L13. Pareto fronts_MST
592

Slide Number 1
592

Slide Number 2
593

Slide Number 3
594

Slide Number 4
595

Slide Number 5
596

Slide Number 6
597

Sweeping the dose : dose shaping
598

Slide Number 8
599

Slide Number 9
600

Slide Number 10
601

Slide Number 11
602

Slide Number 12
603

Slide Number 13
604

Slide Number 14
605

Mnemonic for Pareto front
606

The „manual“ way to get there
607

Slide Number 17
608

Slide Number 18
609

Slide Number 19
610

Slide Number 20
611

Slide Number 21
612

Slide Number 22
613

Slide Number 23
614

Slide Number 24
615

Slide Number 25
616

Slide Number 26
617

Slide Number 27
618

Slide Number 28
619

Slide Number 29
620

Slide Number 30
621

Slide Number 31
622

Slide Number 32
623

Slide Number 33
624

Slide Number 34
625

Slide Number 35
626

Slide Number 36
627

Slide Number 37
628

Slide Number 38
629

Slide Number 39
630

Slide Number 40
631

Slide Number 41
632

Slide Number 42
633

Slide Number 43
634

L14_Basic principles of rotational IMRT planning_GM
635

Basic principles of rotational IMRT planning
635

In my institute
636

Rotational IMRT not really new
637

Slide Number 4
638

Slide Number 5
639

Slide Number 6
640

Slide Number 7
641

Slide Number 8
642

So….
643

So how does is work in practise?
644

Slide Number 11
645

Slide Number 12
646

Slide Number 13
647

Static IMRT vs VMAT - Conceptual issues
648

IMRT vs. VMAT - Conceptual differences
649

Static IMRT
650

VMAT
651

IMRT vs. VMAT - Conceptual differences
652

Slide Number 19
653

Slide Number 20
654

Slide Number 21
655

Slide Number 22
656

Slide Number 23
657

Slide Number 24
658

Slide Number 25
659

Slide Number 26
660

Alternatively:
661

Slide Number 28
662

So …..
663

RapidArc single arc versus double arc
664

Slide Number 31
665

Slide Number 32
666

rotational cone beam IMRT vs static IMRT
667

Slide Number 34
668

Slide Number 35
669

Conclusions
670

L15_Sharpe_ConceptsIGRT
671

Slide Number 1
671

ESTRO | Advanced Treatment Planning Course18-22 September 2015 | Lisbon, PortugalGeometric Uncertainties & IGRT: Planning Implications
672

Uncertainties Affect Outcomes
673

IMRT in a Nutshell
674

Image-Guided Radiation Therapy
675

IGRT Technologies
676

MR Guided Radiation Therapy
677

The Evolving Role of IGRT
678

Factors Affecting PTV Margin Size
679

PTV Margins
680

Estimation
681

Margin Recipes
682

Geometric Uncertainties
683

MV-EPID: IGRT Foundations
684

Systematic vs. Random Error
685

Slide Number 16
686

Implanted markers
687

Implanted markers & Intra-rectal Balloon
688

Implanted markers: Intra-rectal Balloon
689

kV Radiographs & Fluoroscopy
690

IGRT Technologies
691

Soft-tissue Imaging for Guidance
692

CBCT ≠ CT
693

Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
694

Influence of Scattered Radiation
695

CBCT Target Localization
696

4D CT for Treatment Planning
697

4D Target Volumes
698

On-line strategies: Residuals
699

Intra-Fraction Target Position
700

Avoid Organs at Risk
701

Avoid Organs at Risk
702

Avoid Organs at Risk
703

Avoid Organs at Risk
704

Respiratory Motion Artifacts
705

‘4D’ Conebeam to Verify PTV
706

Breathing and CBCT
707

Frequency of Imaging
708

Image Quality:What do we need?
709

IGRT: It’s About Time
710

Which System is Best?
711

Summary - Role of IGRT
712

Slide Number 43
713

L16 MRI in treatment planning
714

Slide Number 1
714

MRI in treatment planning
715

Introduction:MRI – why, where, when?
716

Introduction:MRI – why, where, when?
717

Introduction:MRI – why, where, when?
718

Introduction:MRI – why, where, when?
719

Introduction:MRI – why, where, when?
720

Functional imaging modalities in MRI
721

DWI images
722

DWI images – ADC maps
723

DWI images – ADC maps
724

DWI images – ADC maps
725

DWI images – ADC maps
726

DWI images – ADC maps
727

DWI images – ADC maps
728

Diffusion tensor imaging - DTI
729

Diffusion tensor imaging - DTI
730

Diffusion tensor imaging - DTI
731

Spectroscopic Magnetic Resonance
732

Perfusion weighted images - PWI
733

Perfusion weighted images - PWI
734

Perfusion weighted images - PWI
735

Perfusion weighted images - PWI
736

Perfusion weighted images - PWI
737

New MRI imaging modalities and radiotherapy planning
738

1. MRI for targeting: prostate
739

1. MRI for targeting: prostate
740

1. MRI for targeting: cervix
741

1. MRI for targeting: cervix
742

1. MRI for targeting: cervix
743

1. MRI for targeting: brain
744

1. MRI for targeting: brain
745

1. MRI for targeting: brain
746

1. MRI for targeting: brain
747

1. MRI for targeting: brain
748

1. MRI for targeting: brain
749

1. MRI for targeting: brain
750

1. MRI for targeting: brain
751

1. MRI for targeting: brain
752

1. MRI for targeting: brain
753

1. MRI for targeting: Brain
754

1. MRI for targeting: brain
755

1. MRI for targeting: brain
756

2. Direct planning on MRI images
757

2. Direct planning on MRI images
758

2. Direct planning on MRI images
759

2. Direct planning on MRI images
760

2. Direct planning on MRI images
761

2. Direct planning on MRI images
762

2. Direct planning on MRI images
763

2. Direct planning on MRI images
764

2. Direct planning on MRI images
765

2. Direct planning on MRI images
766

3. MRI for treatment evaluation: H&N
767

3. MRI for treatment evaluation: H&N
768

3. MRI for treatment evaluation: H&N
769

3. MRI for treatment evaluation: H&N
770

3. MRI for treatment evaluation: cervical cancer
771

3. MRI for treatment evaluation: cervical cancer
772

New MRI imaging modalities and radiotherapy planning: conclusions
773

New MRI imaging modalities and radiotherapy planning: conclusions
774

Slide Number 62
775

L17 Molecular imaging RT UN
776

Slide Number 1
776

Molecular imaging in radiotherapy
777

Medical imaging in radiation oncology
778

Types of medical imaging
779

Q1: In your center, do you use functional imaging for radiotherapy planning?
780

Q2: How do you / would you use functional imaging for radiotherapy planning?
781

Imaging literature, example PET
782

Imaging literature, example PET
783

FDG-PET/CT in diagnosis of solid tumors
784

SPN: probability of malignancy
785

Medical imaging in radiation oncology
786

Slide Number 12
787

Imaging for GTV delineation
788

Molecular imaging for GTV delineation
789

Reduction of IOV by new imaging methods
790

Slide Number 16
791

Slide Number 17
792

Slide Number 18
793

Slide Number 19
794

Slide Number 20
795

Slide Number 21
796

Slide Number 22
797

CTV: nodal spread
798

Diagnostic accuracy of FDG-PET/CT in N-staging of NSCLC
799

Slide Number 25
800

Slide Number 26
801

Slide Number 27
802

PET-Plan Study: diagnostic expert-panel
803

PET-Plan Panel:overall observer agreement by phase
804

Slide Number 30
805

Are you sure about your finding?
806

Imaging for RT-planning: soon before treatment!
807

Medical imaging in radiation oncology
808

Cone-Beam CT
809

Imaging for adaptive radiotherapy
810

Slide Number 36
811

... dose painting
812

PET in RT planning: beyond GTV
813

Slide Number 39
814

Slide Number 40
815

Prediction of local recurrence
816

Prediction of NT-reactions?
817

Response prediction during RT?
818

„cooking recipe“ for the translation of new imaging modalities in radiation oncology
819

Medical imaging in radiation oncology
820

Morphological assessment of response
821

“Functional” response assessment
822

823

L18 advanced planning strategies lung
824

Slide Number 1
824

Relationships between 3D dose distributions and clinical toxicities - Chest
825

Normal tissues in the chest
826

IOV in NT contouring: impact on dose calculation and plan optimisation
827

Dose limits for normal tissues in the chest
828

Q1: What do you consider the most critical normal tissue for chest radiotherapy?
829

Esophagus: acute reactions
830

Acute esophagitis: dose/volume effects
831

Esophagus: late reactions
832

Esophagus: planning constraints
833

Esophagus: anatomy
834

Esophagus: contouring
835

Esophagus: geographic miss
836

Find the esophagus
837

Find the esophagus
838

Find the esophagus
839

Find the esophagus
840

Lung (RILD)
841

RILD: influence factors
842

RILD: corelation between MLD and probability of symptomatic pneumonitis
843

Slide Number 21
844

Slide Number 22
845

Lung: planning constraints I
846

Lung: what about low doses? Thread 11/2012
847

Lung: what about low doses?
848

Lung: what about low doses?
849

Lung: planning constraints II
850

Lung: contouring
851

Spinal cord
852

Spinal cord: planning constraints
853

Spinal cord: contouring
854

Heart
855

Heart
856

Heart: planning constraints
857

Heart: Delineation
858

Heart: contouring
859

Slide Number 37
860

Bone
861

Slide Number 39
862

Q2: For which situations do you contour the brachial plexus as OAR most often?
863

Brachial plexus
864

Brachial plexus: toxicity
865

Brachial plexus: planning constraints
866

Contouring the brachial plexus
867

Contouring the brachial plexus
868

Q1 reloaded : What do you consider the most critical normal tissue for chest radiotherapy?
869

Thanks to:
870

L19_Advanced planning strategies for lung tumours (physical aspects)_GM
871

Advanced planning strategies for lung tumours physical aspects
871

In my institution locally advanced NSCLC patients are generally treated with:
872

In my institution we generally use for set-up verification for lung cancer patients
873

Why use IMRT in lung
874

Why use IMRT in lung
875

Why not use IMRT in lung
876

Why not use IMRT in lung
877

Why not use IMRT in lung
878

Why not use IMRT in lung
879

Slide Number 10
880

Slide Number 11
881

So forget about IMRT for lung if you don’t have these fancy tools?
882

Key findings:
883

Slide Number 14
884

Slide Number 15
885

Slide Number 16
886

Why? 1
887

Why? 2
888

So …….
889

IGRT (not addressed in this course) is key here
890

Slide Number 21
891

Baseline shifts
892

4D CBCT + GTV Contour
893

Apply Correction
894

Conclusions
895

L20_Sharpe_ConceptsAdaptive
896

Slide Number 1
896

ESTRO | Advanced Treatment Planning Course18-22 September 2015 | Lisbon, PortugalAdaptive Radiotherapy Strategies
897

What is ART?
898

ART Concepts
899

Adaptive Concept
900

Adaptive Radiation Therapy
901

The Evolving Role of IGRT
902

Adaptive Radiation Therapy
903

Initial PTV
904

Confidence-Limited PTV (cl-PTV)
905

Volume Difference: PTV vs cl-PTV
906

Initial PTV & cl-PTV Do NOT Overlap
907

Accumulating Dose with Organ Motion Deformation
908

Benefits of Daily IG-IMRT
909

Assessment and Adaptation
910

More General ART Strategies
911

Estimate Dose Delivered
912

ART: Clinical Research
913

Indications: Oro-pharynx
914

Dose Reconstruction in Changing Organs
915

Relationship to PTV Margins
916

Relationship to PTV Margins
917

Relationship to PTV Margins
918

Slide Number 24
919

Slide Number 25
920

ART Work Flow
921

ICRU on Adaptive RT
922

2nd Generation DICOM RT
923

2nd Generation DICOM RT
924

Deming Speaks about ART
925

Deming’s Key Ideas
926

Systematic vs. Random Error
927

Deming’s Funnel Experiment
928

Deming’s Four Rules
929

Funnel Experiment Results
930

Decision Tools
931

Decision Tools & Variation
932

The Evolving Role of IGRT
933

Adaptation: What are we Striving Toward?
934

ART: Within our grasp, beyond our means?
935

Summary
936

L21_Library planning_GM
937

Library planning
937

Slide Number 2
938

plan of the day
939

issues with library planning delivery
940

potential tumour sites for online adaptive strategies
941

potential tumour sites for online adaptive strategies
942

potential tumour sites for online adaptive strategies
943

Slide Number 8
944

Slide Number 9
945

Slide Number 10
946

Slide Number 11
947

Slide Number 12
948

potential tumour sites for online adaptive strategies
949

Slide Number 14
950

Slide Number 15
951

Slide Number 16
952

Slide Number 17
953

Bladder IGA
954

Slide Number 19
955

2 CT scans
956

automated planning
957

automated planning
958

Slide Number 23
959

dose wall maps of voided and full bladder plans
960

Slide Number 25
961

Slide Number 26
962

Slide Number 27
963

Conclusions
964

L22_Sharpe_IGRT_Probability and Robustness
965

Slide Number 1
965

ESTRO | Advanced Treatment Planning Course18-22 September 2015 | Lisbon, PortugalPrinciples of Probability & Robust Control in Treatment Planning: The Implications of IGRT
966

IGRT: It’s About Time
967

Slide Number 4
968

Strategies to Mitigate Uncertainty
969

Systematic vs. Random Error
970

ART Work Flow
971

Adaptive Radiation Therapy Concept
972

Limits of Feedback Control
973

Random Uncertainty
974

Example: Breathing Motion
975

Techniques for Treating Moving Tumor
976

Tumour Motion Model
977

Variability in Motion: minute-to-minute
978

Probability-based planning (de-blur)
979

Robust Control in Optimization
980

Robustness and Adaptation
981

Statistical Model of Breathing Motion
982

Statistical Model of Breathing Motion
983

Statistical Model of Breathing Motion
984

Statistical Model of Breathing Motion
985

Statistical Model of Breathing Motion
986

Variability in Motion Day-to-Day
987

Probability-based planning (de-blur)
988

Statistical Model of Breathing Motion
989

Variability in Motion Day-to-Day Revisted
990

Variability in Motion Day-to-Day Revisited
991

Variability in Motion Day-to-Day Revisited
992

Clinical Lung Case
993

Breathing: Margin vs Robust formulation
994

Variability in Repeated 4D CBCT
995

ART Work Flow
996

The Best of Both Worlds
997

IGRT: It’s About Time
998

Robust and Adaptive Control
999

Adaptive from a Robust Perspective
1000

Summary
1001

Conclusions
1002

L23_Dose painted planning_GM
1003

Dose painted planning
1003

The vision is clear
1004

Slide Number 3
1005

Slide Number 4
1006

Slide Number 5
1007

Slide Number 6
1008

Hypoxia Dose Painting Trail in Tübingen, Germany
1009

the FLAME trial: Focal Lesion Ablative Microboost
1010

Commercial planning systems do not support dose painting
1011

How?
1012

How?
1013

Slide Number 12
1014

How?
1015

Slide Number 14
1016

How?
1017

How?
1018

How?
1019

thresholding might be tricky
1020

How?
1021

Treatment plan evaluation
1022

Slide Number 21
1023

Slide Number 22
1024

Slide Number 23
1025

L24_Sharpe_ImageRegistration
1026

Slide Number 1
1026

ESTRO | Advanced Treatment Planning Course18-22 September 2015 | Lisbon, PortugalRigid & Non-Rigid Multimodality Image Registration
1027

Acknowledgements
1028

Objectives
1029

What is Registration and Fusion?
1030

When Do We Need Registration?
1031

Who Performs Registration?
1032

Clinical Effect of Registration
1033

Clinical Effect of Registration
1034

Clinical Effect of Registration
1035

Can We: Make Life Easier?
1036

Can We: Make Life Easier?
1037

Rigid Transformation Models
1038

How is Registration Performed?
1039

How is Registration Performed?
1040

Deformable Transformation Models
1041

But… We Aren’t Really Rigid…Sliding, Motion & No Motion
1042

Feature-Based Similarity Metrics
1043

Choosing an Algorithm
1044

Using Rigid Registration in the Presence of Deformation
1045

Using Rigid Registration in the Presence of Deformation
1046

Using Rigid Registration in the Presence of Deformation
1047

Practical Image Registration
1048

Registration QA
1049

Qualitative Accuracy
1050

Qualitative Accuracy
1051

QA Deformable Registration
1052

Phantom-based validation
1053

Summary
1054

L25NEW_Particle therapy planning_MST
1055

Slide Number 1
1055

Slide Number 2
1056

Slide Number 3
1057

Unfair comparison
1058

Slide Number 5
1059

Slide Number 6
1060

Radiation Production
1061

Fundamental Difference in Penetration
1062

Energy lost = Dose deposition
1063

Passive vs. dynamic particle beam delivery
1064

Skull base chordoma
1065

Sacrum chordoma
1066

Prostate
1067

Slide Number 14
1068

Slide Number 15
1069

Slide Number 16
1070

Dealing with uncertainties in TP
1071

Robust beam arrangement
1072

Robust beam arrangement
1073

Beam specific margins
1074

Penumbra
1075

Penumbra
1076

Slide Number 23
1077

CT artefacts due to metallic implants
1078

RBE protons
1079

Optimization strategy
1080

Optimization strategy
1081

Field matching
1082

Potential of ART
1083

Conclusion
1084

L26_Sharpe_BreastPlanning
1085

Slide Number 1
1085

ESTRO Advanced Treatment Planning Course18-22 September 2015 | Lisbon, PortugalIMRT Planningfor Breast Irradiation
1086

Acknowledgements
1087

Breast Conserving Therapy
1088

Historical Limitations
1089

Breast Treatment Planning
1090

Tangent Beam Alignment
1091

Dose Distribution
1092

Tangential Breast IMRT
1093

IMRT for Tangent Beams
1094

MLC Segments
1095

Regions of Interest
1096

Volume-Based Optimization
1097

IMRT illustrated
1098

IMRT illustrated
1099

IMRT illustrated
1100

IMRT illustrated
1101

IMRT illustrated
1102

IMRT illustrated
1103

Automated Breast Planning Launcher
1104

Automated Breast Planning Launcher
1105

Automated Breast Planning Launcher
1106

Automated Breast Planning Launcher
1107

Slide Number 24
1108

Slide Number 25
1109

Tangential Breast IMRT at PMH
1110

Clinical Automated Plans
1111

Summary
1112

L27_Physicist's perspective_GM
1113

Physicist’s perspective
1113

Emerging topics
1114

Automatic normal tissue segmentation
1115

Slide Number 4
1116

Slide Number 5
1117

Slide Number 6
1118

Slide Number 7
1119

Slide Number 8
1120

Summary
1121

Slide Number 10
1122

Slide Number 11
1123

Slide Number 12
1124

Slide Number 13
1125

Slide Number 14
1126

Slide Number 15
1127

Slide Number 16
1128

Slide Number 17
1129

Slide Number 18
1130

Slide Number 19
1131

Slide Number 20
1132

Slide Number 21
1133

Slide Number 22
1134

Slide Number 23
1135

Slide Number 24
1136

Slide Number 25
1137

Slide Number 26
1138

Slide Number 27
1139

Pancreatic cancer
1140

Slide Number 29
1141

Hurdles in pancreas cancer radiotherapy
1142

Hurdles in pancreas cancer radiotherapy
1143

Hurdles in pancreas cancer radiotherapy
1144

Slide Number 33
1145

4D MRI + optical flow tracking
1146

realtime 2D imaging
1147

realtime 2½-D imaging
1148

realtime tracking
1149

Slide Number 38
1150

Slide Number 39
1151

Slide Number 40
1152

Slide Number 41
1153

Summary
1154

L28 - Doctor's perspective_NB
1155

Slide Number 1
1155

The doctor’s perspective
1156

Summary
1157

Small dose differences matter
1158

Treatment volumes compared
1159

Dialogue – a key component of happy planning
1160

Dialogue – a key component of happy planning
1161

Dialogue – a key component of happy planning
1162

Dialogue – a key component of happy planning
1163

Multi-criteria optimisation (MCO)
1164

Multi-criteria optimisation (MCO)
1165

IMRT – Objective functions
1166

Multi-criteria optimisation (MCO)
1167

Multi-criteria optimisation (MCO)
1168

Normal tissue response data
1169

Normal tissue response data
1170

Normal tissue response data
1171

Normal tissue response data
1172

Dose accumulation
1173

Dose accumulation
1174

Understanding Delivered Dose
1175

Dose accumulation
1176

Dose accumulation
1177

DSM for highest accumulated compared with planned
1178

DSM for highest accumulated compared with planned
1179

DSM for lowest accumulated compared with planned
1180

DSM for lowest accumulated compared with planned
1181

DSM for lowest accumulated compared with planned
1182

Dose accumulation
1183

Dose accumulation
1184

Individual variation in normal tissue sensitivity
1185

Individual variation in normal tissue sensitivity
1186

Individual variation in normal tissue sensitivity
1187

Individual variation in normal tissue sensitivity
1188

Individual variation in normal tissue sensitivity
1189

Individual variation in normal tissue sensitivity
1190

Individual variation in normal tissue sensitivity
1191

Individual variation in normal tissue sensitivity
1192

Doctor’s perspective
1193

Doctor’s perspective
1194

Slide Number 41
1195